Mefenamic acid shows neuroprotective effects and improves cognitive impairment in in vitro and in vivo Alzheimer's disease models.

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Citation

Joo Y, Kim HS, Woo RS, Park CH, Shin KY, Lee JP, Chang KA, Kim S, Suh YH

Mefenamic acid shows neuroprotective effects and improves cognitive impairment in in vitro and in vivo Alzheimer's disease models.

Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Jan;69(1):76-84. Epub 2005 Oct 13.

PubMed ID
16223958 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities and suppress prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of prostaglandin precursors from arachidonic acid. Epidemiological observations indicate that the long-term treatment of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis with NSAIDs results in reduced risk and delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease of mefenamic acid, a commonly used NSAID that is a cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 inhibitor with only moderate anti-inflammatory properties. We found that mefenamic acid attenuates the neurotoxicities induced by amyloid beta peptide (Abeta)(1-42) treatment and the expression of a Swedish double mutation (KM595/596NL) of amyloid precursor protein (Swe-APP) or the C-terminal fragments of APP (APP-CTs) in neuronal cells. We also show that mefenamic acid decreases the production of the free radical nitric oxide and reduces cytochrome c release from mitochondria induced by Abeta(1-42), Swe-APP, or APP-CTs in neuronal cells. In addition, mefenamic acid up-regulates expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-X(L). Moreover, our study demonstrates for the first time that mefenamic acid improves learning and memory impairment in an Abeta(1-42)-infused Alzheimer's disease rat model. Taking these in vitro and in vivo results together, our study suggests that mefenamic acid could be used as a therapeutic agent in Alzheimer's disease.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
Mefenamic acidProstaglandin G/H synthase 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details