Minireview: G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1, GPER-1: its mechanism of action and role in female reproductive cancer, renal and vascular physiology.

Article Details

Citation

Filardo EJ, Thomas P

Minireview: G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1, GPER-1: its mechanism of action and role in female reproductive cancer, renal and vascular physiology.

Endocrinology. 2012 Jul;153(7):2953-62. doi: 10.1210/en.2012-1061. Epub 2012 Apr 11.

PubMed ID
22495674 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Using cDNA cloning strategies commonly employed for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), GPCR-30 (GPR30), was isolated from mammalian cells before knowledge of its cognate ligand. GPR30 is evolutionarily conserved throughout the vertebrates. A broad literature suggests that GPR30 is a Gs-coupled heptahelical transmembrane receptor that promotes specific binding of naturally occurring and man-made estrogens but not cortisol, progesterone, or testosterone. Its "pregenomic" signaling actions are manifested by plasma membrane-associated actions familiar to GPCR, namely, stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and Gbetagamma-subunit protein-dependent release of membrane-tethered heparan bound epidermal growth factor. These facts regarding its mechanism of action have led to the formal renaming of this receptor to its current functional designate, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (ER) (GPER)-1. Further insight regarding its biochemical action and physiological functions in vertebrates is derived from receptor knockdown studies and the use of selective agonists/antagonists that discriminate GPER-1 from the nuclear steroid hormone receptors, ERalpha and ERbeta. GPER-1-selective agents have linked GPER-1 to physiological and pathological events regulated by estrogen action, including, but not limited to, the central nervous, immune, renal, reproductive, and cardiovascular systems. Moreover, immunohistochemical studies have shown a positive association between GPER-1 expression and progression of female reproductive cancer, a relationship that is diametrically opposed from ER. Unlike ER knockout mice, GPER-1 knockout mice are fertile and show no overt reproductive anomalies. However, they do exhibit thymic atrophy, impaired glucose tolerance, and altered bone growth. Here, we discuss the role of GPER-1 in female reproductive cancers as well as renal and vascular physiology.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Polypeptides
NameUniProt ID
G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1Q99527Details