Crystal structure of human wildtype and S581L-mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetase, an enzyme underlying distal spinal muscular atrophy.

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Cader MZ, Ren J, James PA, Bird LE, Talbot K, Stammers DK

Crystal structure of human wildtype and S581L-mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetase, an enzyme underlying distal spinal muscular atrophy.

FEBS Lett. 2007 Jun 26;581(16):2959-64. Epub 2007 May 29.

PubMed ID

17544401 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

Dominant mutations in the ubiquitous enzyme glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS), including S581L, lead to motor nerve degeneration. We have determined crystal structures of wildtype and S581L-mutant human GlyRS. The S581L mutation is approximately 50A from the active site, and yet gives reduced aminoacylation activity. The overall structures of wildtype and S581L-GlyRS, including the active site, are very similar. However, residues 567-575 of the anticodon-binding domain shift position and in turn could indirectly affect glycine binding via the tRNA or alternatively inhibit conformational changes. Reduced enzyme activity may underlie neuronal degeneration, although a dominant-negative effect is more likely in this autosomal dominant disorder.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets

Drug	Target	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Glycine	Glycine--tRNA ligase	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate	Details

Polypeptides

Name	UniProt ID
Glycine--tRNA ligase	P41250	Details