Low vitamin D status: definition, prevalence, consequences, and correction.
Article Details
- CitationCopy to clipboard
Binkley N, Ramamurthy R, Krueger D
Low vitamin D status: definition, prevalence, consequences, and correction.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2010 Jun;39(2):287-301, table of contents. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2010.02.008.
- PubMed ID
- 20511052 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
Vitamin D is obtained from cutaneous production when 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to vitamin D(3) (cholecalciferol) by ultraviolet B radiation or by oral intake of vitamin D(2) (ergocalciferol) and D(3). An individual's vitamin D status is best evaluated by measuring the circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration. Although controversy surrounds the definition of low vitamin D status, there is increasing agreement that the optimal circulating 25(OH)D level should be approximately 30 to 32 ng/mL or above. Using this definition, it has been estimated that approximately three-quarters of all adults in the United States have low levels. Low vitamin D status classically has skeletal consequences such as osteomalacia/rickets. More recently, associations between low vitamin D status and increased risk for various nonskeletal morbidities have been recognized; whether all of these associations are causally related to low vitamin D status remains to be determined. To achieve optimal vitamin D status, daily intakes of at least 1000 IU or more of vitamin D are required. The risk of toxicity with "high" amounts of vitamin D intake is low. Substantial between-individual variability exists in response to the same administered vitamin D dose. When to monitor 25(OH)D levels has received little attention. Supplementation with vitamin D(3) may be preferable to vitamin D(2).
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Drug Enzymes
Drug Enzyme Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Ergocalciferol Sterol 26-hydroxylase, mitochondrial Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails