The effects of genetic polymorphisms in the organic cation transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 on the renal clearance of metformin.
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Tzvetkov MV, Vormfelde SV, Balen D, Meineke I, Schmidt T, Sehrt D, Sabolic I, Koepsell H, Brockmoller J
The effects of genetic polymorphisms in the organic cation transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 on the renal clearance of metformin.
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Sep;86(3):299-306. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2009.92. Epub 2009 Jun 17.
- PubMed ID
- 19536068 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
Organic cation transporters (OCTs) can mediate metformin transmembrane transport. We explored metformin pharmacokinetics in relation to genetic variations in OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, OCTN1, and MATE1 in 103 healthy male Caucasians. Renal clearance varied 3.8-fold and was significantly dependent on creatinine clearance (r(2) = 0.42, P < 0.0001), age (r(2) = 0.09, P = 0.002), and OCT1 polymorphisms. Carriers of zero, one, and two low-activity OCT1 alleles (Arg61Cys, Gly401Ser, 420del, or Gly465Arg) had mean renal clearances of 30.6, 33.1, and 37.1 l/h, respectively (P = 0.04, after adjustment for creatinine clearance and age). Immunohistochemical staining of human kidneys demonstrated OCT1 expression on the apical side of proximal and distal tubules. Increased renal clearance, in parallel with the known decreased hepatic uptake, may contribute to reduced metformin efficacy in low-activity genotypes. Renal OCT1 expression may be important not only in relation to metformin but with respect to other drugs as well.
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Drug Transporters
Drug Transporter Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Metformin Solute carrier family 22 member 1 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails Testosterone cypionate Solute carrier family 22 member 3 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails Testosterone cypionate Solute carrier family 22 member 4 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails Testosterone enanthate Solute carrier family 22 member 3 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails Testosterone enanthate Solute carrier family 22 member 4 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails Testosterone undecanoate Solute carrier family 22 member 4 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails - Drug Interactions
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