Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The X-ray crystal structure of human isoform II in adduct with an adamantyl analogue of acetazolamide resides in a less utilized binding pocket than most hydrophobic inhibitors.

Article Details

Citation

Avvaru BS, Wagner JM, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Robbins AH, Supuran CT, McKenna R

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The X-ray crystal structure of human isoform II in adduct with an adamantyl analogue of acetazolamide resides in a less utilized binding pocket than most hydrophobic inhibitors.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Aug 1;20(15):4376-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.082. Epub 2010 Jun 17.

PubMed ID
20605094 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

We investigated the inhibitory activity of several 1,3,4-thiadiazole-sulfonamides against all catalytically active CA (EC 4.2.1.1), CA I-XV. The tail derivatizing the 5-position in the 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide scaffold was observed to be critical as an inhibitory determinant of these compounds. The high resolution X-ray crystal structure of hCA II in complex with 5-(1-adamantylcarboxamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide, showed the adamantyl moiety of the inhibitor residing in a less utilized binding pocket than that of most hydrophobic inhibitors, lined by the amino acid residues Ile91, Val121 and Phe131. This binding site may explain the diverse inhibition profiles of 5-carboxamide- and sufonamide-derivatized 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamides and offers a hot spot for designing isoform selective inhibitors, considering that residues 91 and 131 are highly variable among the 13 catalytically active isoforms.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 2ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 3ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 4ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
Binding Properties
DrugTargetPropertyMeasurementpHTemperature (°C)
5-{[(4-AMINO-3-CHLORO-5-FLUOROPHENYL)SULFONYL]AMINO}-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE-2-SULFONAMIDECarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)0.3N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 1Ki (nM)250N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 12Ki (nM)5.7N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 14Ki (nM)41N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)12N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 3Ki (nM)200000N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 4Ki (nM)74N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 7Ki (nM)2.5N/AN/ADetails
CelecoxibCarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)21N/AN/ADetails
CelecoxibCarbonic anhydrase 3Ki (nM)70000N/AN/ADetails