Mechanism of organophosphates (nerve gases and pesticides) and antidotes: electron transfer and oxidative stress.

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Kovacic P

Mechanism of organophosphates (nerve gases and pesticides) and antidotes: electron transfer and oxidative stress.

Curr Med Chem. 2003 Dec;10(24):2705-9.

PubMed ID

14529460 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

Evidence indicates that nerve gas toxins operate in ways in addition to inhibition of acetylcholine esterase. Alternative bioactivities are discussed with focus on electron transfer. The main class, including pralidoxime (2-PAM), incorporates conjugated iminium and oxime moieties that are electron affinic. Various physiological properties of iminium and oxime species are reviewed. The organophosphates encompass both nerve gases and insecticides, possessing similar properties, but different activities. Toxic manifestations are apparently due, in part, to oxidative stress. Alkylation of DNA takes place which may lead to generation of reactive oxygen species. Structure-activity relationships are examined, including reduction potentials and the captodative effect.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets

Drug	Target	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Pralidoxime	Acetylcholinesterase	Protein	Humans	Yes	Activator	Details