Polymyxins and their novel derivatives.

Article Details

Citation

Vaara M

Polymyxins and their novel derivatives.

Curr Opin Microbiol. 2010 Oct;13(5):574-81. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2010.09.002. Epub 2010 Sep 24.

PubMed ID
20869908 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

The emerging very multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria cause remarkable therapeutic challenges. There are no novel classes of agents in clinical development for the treatment of Gram-negative infections. Polymyxins (polymyxin B and colistin) were abandoned in the seventies but are now back in the therapy as the last resort. Their nephrotoxicity may complicate the therapy or even necessitate its discontinuation. Less toxic polymyxin derivatives would be highly welcome. Novel derivatives lack in strategic positions two of the five cationic charges of polymyxins, differ from polymyxins in their renal handling and affinity to kidney brush-border membrane, and are in preclinical studies. Less characterized other recent derivatives, also reviewed here, have increased the collective knowledge on the structure-function relationships in polymyxins. Acquired resistance to polymyxins has been encountered. However, the resistance mechanism compromises the function of the bacterial outer membrane as a permeability barrier to other noxious agents.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
ColistimethateBacterial outer membraneGroupBacteria
Yes
Incorporation into and destabilization
Details
ColistinBacterial outer membraneGroupBacteria
Yes
Incorporation into and destabilization
Details