Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Is a New Substrate of ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 11.

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Tun-Yhong W, Chinpaisal C, Pamonsinlapatham P, Kaewkitichai S

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Is a New Substrate of ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 11.

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Mar 24;61(4). pii: AAC.01725-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01725-16. Print 2017 Apr.

PubMed ID

28167562 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, after conversion to tenofovir (TFV), is mainly eliminated by glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. The major adverse effect of tenofovir is nephrotoxicity; however, the exact mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, the ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 11 (ABCC11; multidrug resistance protein 8 [MRP8]) transporter, which is abundant in proximal tubular cells, was demonstrated to act as an efflux transporter of tenofovir. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence assays were used to determine MRP8 overexpression in a continuous cell line. Tenofovir accumulations were assessed by cytotoxicity, cellular transport, and vesicular uptake assays. Substrate specificity was confirmed using MK-571, an MRP-specific inhibitor, and methotrexate, which served as a known substrate. Intracellular and intravesicular concentrations of tenofovir were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of TDF in MRP8-overexpressing cells was 4.78 times higher than that of parental cells. Transport assays also showed that the intracellular accumulation of tenofovir in MRP8-overexpressing cells was 55 times lower than that in parental cells and was partly reversed by MK-571. Similarly, an "inside-out" vesicular uptake assay, using Sf9 inverted membrane vesicles to allow measuring of accumulation of the substrates into the vesicles, demonstrated a higher intravesicular concentration of tenofovir in MRP8-overexpressing vesicles than in Sf9 insect control vesicles. These effects were effectively reversed by increasing concentrations of the specific inhibitor MK-571. In conclusion, tenofovir is a new substrate of the MRP8 transporter. An alteration in the activity of this efflux pump may increase the intracellular accumulation of tenofovir in proximal renal tubular cells.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Transporters

Drug	Transporter	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Tenofovir disoproxil	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate	Details