Multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins as transporters of antimicrobial drugs.

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Nies AT, Damme K, Schaeffeler E, Schwab M

Multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins as transporters of antimicrobial drugs.

Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012 Dec;8(12):1565-77. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2012.722996. Epub 2012 Sep 13.

PubMed ID

22970772 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial drugs are essential in the treatment of infectious diseases. A better understanding of transport processes involved in drug disposition will improve the predictability of drug-drug interactions with consequences for drug response. Multidrug And Toxin Extrusion (MATE; SLC47A) proteins are efflux transporters mediating the excretion of several antimicrobial drugs as well as other organic compounds into bile and urine, thereby contributing to drug disposition. AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes current knowledge of the structural and molecular features of human MATE transporters including their functional role in drug transport with a specific focus on antimicrobial drugs. The PubMed database was searched using the terms "MATE1," "MATE-2K," "MATE2," "SLC47A1," "SLC47A2," and "toxin extrusion protein" (up to June 2012). EXPERT OPINION: MATE proteins have been recognized as important transporters mediating the final excretion step of cationic drugs into bile and urine. These include the antiviral drugs acyclovir, amprenavir, and ganciclovir, the antibiotics cephalexin, cephradine and levofloxacin, as well as the antimalarial agents chloroquine and quinine. It is therefore important to enhance our understanding of the role of MATEs in drug extrusion with particular emphasis on the functional consequences of genetic variants on disposition of these antimicrobial drugs.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drugs

Levofloxacin

Drug Transporters

Drug	Transporter	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Acyclovir	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate	Details
Acyclovir	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate	Details
Ganciclovir	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate	Details
Levofloxacin	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate Inhibitor	Details