25-Hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1): its important role in the degradation of vitamin D.
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Jones G, Prosser DE, Kaufmann M
25-Hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1): its important role in the degradation of vitamin D.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2012 Jul 1;523(1):9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.11.003. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
- PubMed ID
- 22100522 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
CYP24A1 is the cytochrome P450 component of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-24-hydroxylase enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH-D(3)) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)) into 24-hydroxylated products, which constitute the degradation of the vitamin D molecule. This review focuses on recent data in the CYP24A1 field, including biochemical, physiological and clinical developments. Notable among these are: the first crystal structure for rat CYP24A1; mutagenesis studies which change the regioselectivity of the enzyme; and the finding that natural inactivating mutations of CYP24A1 cause the genetic disease idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH). The review also discusses the emerging correlation between rising serum phosphate/FGF-23 levels and increased CYP24A1 expression in chronic kidney disease, which in turn underlies accelerated degradation of both serum 25-OH-D(3) and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) in this condition. This review concludes by evaluating the potential clinical utility of blocking this enzyme with CYP24A1 inhibitors in various disease states.
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Drug Enzymes
Drug Enzyme Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Calcitriol 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateInducerDetails