The Impact of Anti-Epileptic Drugs on Growth and Bone Metabolism.

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Fan HC, Lee HS, Chang KP, Lee YY, Lai HC, Hung PL, Lee HF, Chi CS

The Impact of Anti-Epileptic Drugs on Growth and Bone Metabolism.

Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Aug 1;17(8). pii: ijms17081242. doi: 10.3390/ijms17081242.

PubMed ID

27490534 [ View in PubMed

]

Abstract

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder worldwide and anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are always the first choice for treatment. However, more than 50% of patients with epilepsy who take AEDs have reported bone abnormalities. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes are induced by AEDs, especially the classical AEDs, such as benzodiazepines (BZDs), carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PT), phenobarbital (PB), and valproic acid (VPA). The induction of CYP450 isoenzymes may cause vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcemia, increased fracture risks, and altered bone turnover, leading to impaired bone mineral density (BMD). Newer AEDs, such as levetiracetam (LEV), oxcarbazepine (OXC), lamotrigine (LTG), topiramate (TPM), gabapentin (GP), and vigabatrin (VB) have broader spectra, and are safer and better tolerated than the classical AEDs. The effects of AEDs on bone health are controversial. This review focuses on the impact of AEDs on growth and bone metabolism and emphasizes the need for caution and timely withdrawal of these medications to avoid serious disabilities.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Enzymes

Drug	Enzyme	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Fosphenytoin	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate Inducer	Details

Drug Interactions

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drugs	Interaction
Integrate drug-drug interactions in your software
Alfacalcidol Phenytoin	The serum concentration of Alfacalcidol can be decreased when it is combined with Phenytoin.
Alfacalcidol Fosphenytoin	The serum concentration of Alfacalcidol can be decreased when it is combined with Fosphenytoin.
Calcifediol Phenytoin	The serum concentration of Calcifediol can be decreased when it is combined with Phenytoin.
Calcifediol Fosphenytoin	The serum concentration of Calcifediol can be decreased when it is combined with Fosphenytoin.
Calcipotriol Phenytoin	The serum concentration of Calcipotriol can be decreased when it is combined with Phenytoin.