Binding of natural and synthetic polyphenols to human dihydrofolate reductase.
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Sanchez-del-Campo L, Saez-Ayala M, Chazarra S, Cabezas-Herrera J, Rodriguez-Lopez JN
Binding of natural and synthetic polyphenols to human dihydrofolate reductase.
Int J Mol Sci. 2009 Dec 18;10(12):5398-410. doi: 10.3390/ijms10125398.
- PubMed ID
- 20054477 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is the subject of intensive investigation since it appears to be the primary target enzyme for antifolate drugs. Fluorescence quenching experiments show that the ester bond-containing tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) are potent inhibitors of DHFR with dissociation constants (K(D))of 0.9 and 1.8 microM, respectively, while polyphenols lacking the ester bound gallate moiety [e.g., (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (-)-epicatechin (EC)] did not bind to this enzyme. To avoid stability and bioavailability problems associated with tea catechins we synthesized a methylated derivative of ECG (3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-epicatechin; TMECG), which effectively binds to DHFR (K(D) = 2.1 microM). In alkaline solution, TMECG generates a stable quinone methide product that strongly binds to the enzyme with a K(D) of 8.2 nM. Quercetin glucuronides also bind to DHFR but its effective binding was highly dependent of the sugar residue, with quercetin-3-xyloside being the stronger inhibitor of the enzyme with a K(D) of 0.6 microM. The finding that natural polyphenols are good inhibitors of human DHFR could explain the epidemiological data on their prophylactic effects for certain forms of cancer and open a possibility for the use of natural and synthetic polyphenols in cancer chemotherapy.
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Drug Targets
Drug Target Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Epigallocatechin gallate Dihydrofolate reductase, mitochondrial Protein Humans UnknownNot Available Details