The BCG replacement vaccine VPM1002: from drawing board to clinical trial.

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Kaufmann SH, Cotton MF, Eisele B, Gengenbacher M, Grode L, Hesseling AC, Walzl G

The BCG replacement vaccine VPM1002: from drawing board to clinical trial.

Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014 May;13(5):619-30. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2014.905746. Epub 2014 Apr 7.

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24702486 [ View in PubMed
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Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a major health threat and vaccines better than bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) are urgently required. Here we describe our experience with a recombinant BCG expressing listeriolysin and deficient in urease. This potential replacement vaccine has demonstrated superior efficacy and safety over BCG in Mycobacterium tuberculosis aerosol-challenged mice and was safe in numerous animal models including immune-deficient mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and nonhuman primates. Phase I clinical trials in adults in Germany and South Africa have proven safety and a current Phase IIa trial is under way to assess immunogenicity and safety in its target population, newborns in a high tuberculosis incidence setting, with promising early results. Second-generation candidates are being developed to improve safety and efficacy.

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