Invasive Fungal Diseases in Children with Hematological Malignancies Treated with Therapies That Target Cell Surface Antigens: Monoclonal Antibodies, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and CAR T-Cell Therapies.

Article Details

Citation

Kyriakidis I, Vasileiou E, Rossig C, Roilides E, Groll AH, Tragiannidis A

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Children with Hematological Malignancies Treated with Therapies That Target Cell Surface Antigens: Monoclonal Antibodies, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and CAR T-Cell Therapies.

J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Mar 5;7(3). pii: jof7030186. doi: 10.3390/jof7030186.

PubMed ID
33807678 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Since 1985 when the first agent targeting antigens on the surface of lymphocytes was approved (muromonab-CD3), a multitude of such therapies have been used in children with hematologic malignancies. A detailed literature review until January 2021 was conducted regarding pediatric patient populations treated with agents that target CD2 (alefacept), CD3 (bispecific T-cell engager [BiTE] blinatumomab), CD19 (denintuzumab mafodotin, B43, BiTEs blinatumomab and DT2219ARL, the immunotoxin combotox, and chimeric antigen receptor [CAR] T-cell therapies tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel), CD20 (rituximab and biosimilars, (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan, ofatumumab, and obinutuzumab), CD22 (epratuzumab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, moxetumomab pasudotox, BiTE DT2219ARL, and the immunotoxin combotox), CD25 (basiliximab and inolimomab), CD30 (brentuximab vedotin and iratumumab), CD33 (gemtuzumab ozogamicin), CD38 (daratumumab and isatuximab), CD52 (alemtuzumab), CD66b ((90)Y-labelled BW 250/183), CD248 (ontuxizumab) and immune checkpoint inhibitors against CTLA-4 (CD152; abatacept, ipilimumab and tremelimumab) or with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade (CD279/CD274; atezolizumab, avelumab, camrelizumab, durvalumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab). The aim of this narrative review is to describe treatment-related invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) of each category of agents. IFDs are very common in patients under blinatumomab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, basiliximab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, alemtuzumab, and tisagenlecleucel and uncommon in patients treated with moxetumomab pasudotox, brentuximab vedotin, abatacept, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab and avelumab. Although this new era of precision medicine shows promising outcomes of targeted therapies in children with leukemia or lymphoma, the results of this review stress the necessity for ongoing surveillance and suggest the need for antifungal prophylaxis in cases where IFDs are very common complications.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
AbataceptCytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
AlefaceptT-cell surface antigen CD2ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Regulator
Details
AtezolizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
AtezolizumabProgrammed cell death protein 1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
AvelumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
Brentuximab vedotinTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8ProteinHumans
Yes
Binder
Antibody
Regulator
Details
CamrelizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
CamrelizumabProgrammed cell death protein 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
Depatuxizumab mafodotinB-lymphocyte antigen CD19ProteinHumans
Unknown
Regulator
Details
DurvalumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
DurvalumabProgrammed cell death protein 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
EpratuzumabB-cell receptor CD22ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
Gemtuzumab ozogamicinMyeloid cell surface antigen CD33ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
Ibritumomab tiuxetanB-lymphocyte antigen CD20ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
Inotuzumab ozogamicinB-cell receptor CD22ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
IpilimumabCytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
IratumumabTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8ProteinHumans
Unknown
Antibody
Regulator
Details
Moxetumomab pasudotoxB-cell receptor CD22ProteinHumans
Yes
Binder
Antibody
Regulator
Details
NivolumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
NivolumabProgrammed cell death protein 1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
ObinutuzumabB-lymphocyte antigen CD20ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
OfatumumabB-lymphocyte antigen CD20ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
PembrolizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
PembrolizumabProgrammed cell death protein 1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details
RituximabB-lymphocyte antigen CD20ProteinHumans
Yes
Antibody
Regulator
Details
TremelimumabCytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Antibody
Details