Synthesis of classical, four-carbon bridged 5-substituted furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 6-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues as antifolates.

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Gangjee A, Zeng Y, McGuire JJ, Kisliuk RL

Synthesis of classical, four-carbon bridged 5-substituted furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 6-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues as antifolates.

J Med Chem. 2005 Aug 11;48(16):5329-36.

PubMed ID

16078850 [ View in PubMed

]

Abstract

We report, for the first time, the biological activities of four-carbon-atom bridged classical antifolates on dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), thymidylate synthase (TS), and folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) as well as antitumor activity. Extension of the bridge homologation studies of classical two-carbon bridged antifolates, a 5-substituted 2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1) and a 6-subsituted 2-amino-4-oxopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (2), afforded two four-carbon bridged antifolates, analogues 5 and 6, with enhanced FPGS substrate activity and inhibitory activity against tumor cells in culture (EC(50) < or = 10(-7) M) compared with the two-carbon bridged analogues. These results support our original hypothesis that the distance and orientation of the side chain p-aminobenzoyl-L-glutamate moiety with respect to the pyrimidine ring are a crucial determinant of biological activity. In addition, this study demonstrates that, for classical antifolates that are substrates for FPGS, poor inhibitory activity against isolated target enzymes is not necessarily a predictor of a lack of antitumor activity.

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Binding Properties

Drug	Target	Property	Measurement	pH	Temperature (°C)
Methotrexate	Dihydrofolate reductase	IC 50 (nM)	22	N/A	N/A	Details