Spatially constrained skin electroporation with sodium thiosulfate and urea creates transdermal microconduits.

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Ilic L, Gowrishankar TR, Vaughan TE, Herndon TO, Weaver JC

Spatially constrained skin electroporation with sodium thiosulfate and urea creates transdermal microconduits.

J Control Release. 1999 Aug 27;61(1-2):185-202.

PubMed ID
10469915 [ View in PubMed
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Abstract

Controlled transport of molecules through the skin's main barrier, the stratum corneum (SC), is a long standing goal of transdermal drug delivery. Traditional, needle-based injection provides delivery of almost any water soluble compound, by creating a single large aqueous pathway in the form of the hollow core of a needle, through which drug is delivered by pressure-driven flow. We extend previous work to show that SC-spanning microconduits (here with diameters of about 200 microm) can be created in vivo by skin electroporation and low-toxicity, keratolytic molecules (here sodium thiosulfate and urea). A single microconduit in isolated SC can support volumetric flow of the order of 0.01 ml s(-1) by a pressure difference of only 0.01 atm (about 10(2) Pa), demonstrating that the SC barrier has been essentially eliminated within this microscopic area.

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