The effect of cytochrome P450 metabolism on drug response, interactions, and adverse effects.
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Lynch T, Price A
The effect of cytochrome P450 metabolism on drug response, interactions, and adverse effects.
Am Fam Physician. 2007 Aug 1;76(3):391-6.
- PubMed ID
- 17708140 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes are essential for the metabolism of many medications. Although this class has more than 50 enzymes, six of them metabolize 90 percent of drugs, with the two most significant enzymes being CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Genetic variability (polymorphism) in these enzymes may influence a patient's response to commonly prescribed drug classes, including beta blockers and antidepressants. Cytochrome P450 enzymes can be inhibited or induced by drugs, resulting in clinically significant drug-drug interactions that can cause unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures. Interactions with warfarin, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, and statins often involve the cytochrome P450 enzymes. Knowledge of the most important drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, as well as the most potent inhibiting and inducing drugs, can help minimize the possibility of adverse drug reactions and interactions. Although genotype tests can determine if a patient has a specific enzyme polymorphism, it has not been determined if routine use of these tests will improve outcomes.
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Drug Enzymes
Drug Enzyme Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Phenytoin Cytochrome P450 2C9 Protein Humans NoSubstrateInhibitorInducerDetails - Drug Interactions
Drugs Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your software1,2-BenzodiazepinePhenytoin The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Phenytoin. 1,2-BenzodiazepinePentobarbital The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Pentobarbital. 1,2-BenzodiazepineCarbamazepine The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Carbamazepine. 1,2-BenzodiazepinePrimidone The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Primidone. 1,2-BenzodiazepinePhenobarbital The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Phenobarbital.