Accurate prediction of protonation state as a prerequisite for reliable MM-PB(GB)SA binding free energy calculations of HIV-1 protease inhibitors.

Article Details

Citation

Wittayanarakul K, Hannongbua S, Feig M

Accurate prediction of protonation state as a prerequisite for reliable MM-PB(GB)SA binding free energy calculations of HIV-1 protease inhibitors.

J Comput Chem. 2008 Apr 15;29(5):673-85.

PubMed ID
17849388 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Binding free energies were calculated for the inhibitors lopinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, indinavir, amprenavir, and nelfinavir bound to HIV-1 protease. An MMPB/SA-type analysis was applied to conformational samples from 3 ns explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations of the enzyme-inhibitor complexes. Binding affinities and the sampled conformations of the inhibitor and enzyme were compared between different HIV-1 protease protonation states to find the most likely protonation state of the enzyme in the complex with each of the inhibitors. The resulting set of protonation states leads to good agreement between calculated and experimental binding affinities. Results from the MMPB/SA analysis are compared with an explicit/implicit hybrid scheme and with MMGB/SA methods. It is found that the inclusion of explicit water molecules may offer a slight advantage in reproducing absolute binding free energies while the use of the Generalized Born approximation significantly affects the accuracy of the calculated binding affinities.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
AmprenavirHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteaseProteinHuman immunodeficiency virus 1
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
IndinavirHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteaseProteinHuman immunodeficiency virus 1
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
LopinavirHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteaseProteinHuman immunodeficiency virus 1
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
NelfinavirHIV-1 proteaseProteinHuman Immunodeficiency Virus
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
RitonavirHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteaseProteinHuman immunodeficiency virus 1
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
SaquinavirHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteaseProteinHuman immunodeficiency virus 1
Yes
Inhibitor
Details