Retroviral proteases.
Article Details
- CitationCopy to clipboard
Dunn BM, Goodenow MM, Gustchina A, Wlodawer A
Retroviral proteases.
Genome Biol. 2002;3(4):REVIEWS3006. Epub 2002 Mar 26.
- PubMed ID
- 11983066 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
SUMMARY: The proteases of retroviruses, such as leukemia viruses, immunodeficiency viruses (including the human immunodeficiency virus, HIV), infectious anemia viruses, and mammary tumor viruses, form a family with the proteases encoded by several retrotransposons in Drosophila and yeast and endogenous viral sequences in primates. Retroviral proteases are key enzymes in viral propagation and are initially synthesized with other viral proteins as polyprotein precursors that are subsequently cleaved by the viral protease activity at specific sites to produce mature, functional units. Active retroviral proteases are homodimers, with each dimer structurally related to the larger class of single-chain aspartic peptidases. Each monomer has four structural elements: two distinct hairpin loops, a wide loop containing the catalytic aspartic acid and an alpha helix. Retroviral gene sequences can vary between infected individuals, and mutations affecting the binding cleft of the protease or the substrate cleavage sites can alter the response of the virus to therapeutic drugs. The need to develop new drugs against HIV will continue to be, to a large extent, the driving force behind further characterization of retroviral proteases.
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Polypeptides
Name UniProt ID Gag-Pol polyprotein P03369 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P12497 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P35963 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P12499 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P04585 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P04584 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P03366 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P03367 Details Gag-Pol polyprotein P04587 Details