[Role of zonisamid in treating epilepsy, Parkinson disorders and other neurological diseases].

Article Details

Citation

Janszky J

[Role of zonisamid in treating epilepsy, Parkinson disorders and other neurological diseases].

Ideggyogy Sz. 2009 Nov 30;62(11-12):383-9.

PubMed ID
20025128 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

On the basis of six randomized controlled trials, zonisamide (ZNS) can be prescribed as add-on treatment in focal adulthood epilepsy in USA and Europe. In Japan, it can be prescribed as first-line monotherapy drug - independent of age. ZNS may also be effective in idiopathic generalized epilepsy and some difficult-to-treat epilepsies including West, Lennox-Gastaut, or Dravet syndromes. The most frequent side effects of ZNS are related to central nervous system occurring in 19%. Kidney stones and oligohidrosis are ZNS-specific side effects. Loss of appetite and weight are usually "beneficial" effects. ZNS is not recommended in pregnancy ZNS can be taken once daily, which may be beneficial in non-compliance. The pathomechanism of ZNS is different from other antiepileptic drugs. ZNS has an effect on the voltage-gated Na+ - and T-type Ca2+ channels as well as on the dopaminerg, glutamaterg, cholinerg, and GABAerg systems. The multiple way of action may be the reason why ZNS seems to be a broad-spectrum drug and beneficial in various neurological disorders. ZNS reduces production of free radicals according to in vitro and in vivo studies. Animal experiments suggest that ZNS may be a neuroprotective agent. Based on an adequate randomized controlled trial, ZNS is effective in adjuctive treatment of Parkinson disorder. A peculiar benefit of the ZNS is that parallel to its positive effect on motor impairment it also reduces severity of dyskinesias. ZNS may be effective in bipolar disorder, obesity, eating disorders, and migraine prophylaxis.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 1 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 11 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 2 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 3 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 4 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel protein type 9 subunit alphaProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel subunit beta-1ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel subunit beta-2ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel subunit beta-3ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideSodium channel subunit beta-4ProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideVoltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1GProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideVoltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1HProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideVoltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1IProteinHumans
Yes
Inhibitor
Details