Formation and longevity of idarubicin-induced DNA topoisomerase II cleavable complexes in K562 human leukaemia cells.

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Willmore E, Errington F, Tilby MJ, Austin CA

Formation and longevity of idarubicin-induced DNA topoisomerase II cleavable complexes in K562 human leukaemia cells.

Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 May 15;63(10):1807-15.

PubMed ID

12034365 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

Idarubicin (IDA) is an anthracycline used during treatment of acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) and is clinically important because of its potency and lipophilicity (compared to the related compounds daunorubicin and doxorubicin). These drugs target DNA topoisomerase II (topo II), a nuclear enzyme that regulates DNA topology. Topo II poisoning leads to the trapping of an intermediate in the enzyme's cycle termed the "cleavable complex." This study aims to increase understanding of drug interactions by use of the "TARDIS" (trapped in agarose DNA immunostaining) assay to measure drug-induced topo II cleavable complexes in individual cells treated with anthracyclines. Mammalian cells contain two isoforms of topo II (alpha and beta) and the TARDIS assay enables visualisation of isoform-specific complexes. Drug-treated cells were embedded in agarose, lysed and incubated with anti-topo II antibodies to microscopically detect topo IIalpha or beta complexes. Results for K562 cells (at clinically relevant concentrations) showed that IDA and idarubicinol, its metabolite, formed mainly topo IIalpha cleavable complexes, the level of which decreases at doses > 1 microM for IDA. Our data suggest that this decrease is due to catalytic inhibition by IDA at these doses. Doxorubicin formed low levels of topo IIalpha complexes and negligible topo IIbeta complexes. In cytotoxicity studies, IDA and idarubicinol were equipotent, but both were more potent than daunorubicin and doxorubicin. We showed for the first time that there was a persistent increase in levels of topo IIalpha cleavable complexes after removal of IDA, suggesting that its greater effectiveness may be associated with both the longevity and high levels of these complexes.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets

Drug	Target	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Idarubicin	DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha	Protein	Humans	Yes	Inhibitor	Details