Molecular characterization of eluxadoline as a potential ligand targeting mu-delta opioid receptor heteromers.

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Citation

Fujita W, Gomes I, Dove LS, Prohaska D, McIntyre G, Devi LA

Molecular characterization of eluxadoline as a potential ligand targeting mu-delta opioid receptor heteromers.

Biochem Pharmacol. 2014 Dec 1;92(3):448-56. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.09.015. Epub 2014 Sep 28.

PubMed ID
25261794 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Eluxadoline, an orally active mixed mu opioid receptor (muOR) agonist delta opioid receptor (deltaOR) antagonist developed for the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, normalizes gastrointestinal (GI) transit and defecation under conditions of novel environment stress or post-inflammatory altered GI function. Furthermore, compared to loperamide, which is used to treat non-specific diarrhea, the effects of eluxadoline on GI transit occur over a wider dosage range. However, the mechanisms of action of eluxadoline are unclear. In this study, we compared the ability of eluxadoline and loperamide to activate G-protein- and beta-arrestin-mediated signaling at muOR homomers or muOR-deltaOR heteromers in heterologous cells. We also examined the ability of both compounds to reduce castor oil induced diarrhea in wild type (WT) and mice lacking deltaOR. We find that eluxadoline is more potent than loperamide in eliciting G-protein activity and beta-arrestin recruitment in muOR expressing cells. However, in cells expressing muOR-deltaOR heteromers, the potency of eluxadoline is higher, but its maximal effect is lower than that of loperamide. Moreover, in these cells the signaling mediated by eluxadoline but not loperamide is reduced by muOR-deltaOR heteromer-selective antibodies. We find that in castor oil-induced diarrhea eluxadoline is more efficacious compared to loperamide in WT mice, and deltaOR appears to play a role in this process. Taken together these results indicate that eluxadoline behaves as a potent muOR agonist in the absence of deltaOR, while in the presence of deltaOR eluxadoline's effects are mediated through the muOR-deltaOR heteromer.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drugs
Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
EluxadolineDelta-type opioid receptorProteinHumans
Yes
Antagonist
Details
EluxadolineMu-type opioid receptorProteinHumans
Yes
Agonist
Details