Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration of orbifloxacin in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) following oral and intravenous administration.

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Hawkins MG, Taylor IT, Byrne BA, Armstrong RD, Tell LA

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration of orbifloxacin in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) following oral and intravenous administration.

J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Aug;34(4):350-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01233.x. Epub 2010 Oct 11.

PubMed ID
20950349 [ View in PubMed
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Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of single-dose administration of orbifloxacin were determined in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) at dosages of 5 mg/kg intravenous (i.v. n = 12) and 7.5 mg/kg oral (p.o.; n = 5), 10 mg/kg p.o. (n = 5), 15 mg/kg p.o. (n = 12) and 20 mg/kg p.o. (n = 5) via HPLC. Orbifloxacin minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against 22 microbial isolates from various bird species were performed to calculate pharmacodynamic surrogate markers. The concentration-time data were analyzed using a naive pooled data (NPD) approach and compartmental and noncompartmental methods. Steady-state volume of distribution (Vd(ss)) and total body clearance (Cl) after i.v. administration were estimated to be 1.27 L/kg and 0.60 L/h.kg, respectively. Following 15 and 20 mg/kg p.o. dose, bioavailability was 102% and 117%, respectively. The harmonic mean of the corresponding terminal half-lives (T(1/2) lambda(z) ) across all the dose groups was 1.71 h. The C(max) /MIC(90) and AUC(0infinity24) /MIC(90) for the 15 and 20 mg/kg p.o. doses were >/=5.22 and >/=8.98, and >/=25.80 and >/=39.37 h, respectively. The results of this study suggest that 20 mg/kg orbifloxacin p.o. would be a rational daily dose to treat susceptible infections in Japanese quail not intended for food consumption. For more sensitive bacterial organisms, 15 mg/kg p.o. may also be effective.

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