Reactivity of in vitro activated human T lymphocytes to p-phenylenediamine and related substances.

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Citation

Skazik C, Grannemann S, Wilbers L, Merk HF, Coenraads PJ, Breuer S, Blomeke B

Reactivity of in vitro activated human T lymphocytes to p-phenylenediamine and related substances.

Contact Dermatitis. 2008 Oct;59(4):203-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01416.x.

PubMed ID
18844695 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patch tests to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and related substances often show concurrent reactions that can be attributed to separate sensitization or cross-reactivity. OBJECTIVES: In order to understand the health risks associated with cross-reactivity, we studied cross-reactivity of eight chemicals in vitro by measurement of T-cell proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), T-cell lines (TCL), and T-cell clones (TCC) of subjects with a positive patch test result to PPD. PATIENTS/METHODS: We studied PBMC from 13 patients and were able to generate TCL from seven and TCC from four patients. Their proliferative responses to the chemicals were estimated. RESULTS: Concurrent reactions to these compounds on the polyclonal and monoclonal level were found. A restricted T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta16-usage was observed (5/8 clones). A detailed analysis of 34 TCL showed broad cross-reactivity (64.7%) between PPD, p-toluenediamine, Bandrowski's Base, and p-aminoazobenzene. More restricted patterns were found in 8.8%, which responded only to compounds with two or three benzene rings, whereas 26.5% of the clones reacted specifically only to one compound. CONCLUSION: More than 60% of the clones showed a broad cross-reactivity pattern. Hence, clinically observed cross-reactivity between different para-amino compounds can be based on a TCR recognizing similar epitopes of these compounds with low specificity.

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