Ranolazine

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Overview

Description: A medication used to manage continual pain or pressure in the chest.
Structure
Description: A medication used to manage continual pain or pressure in the chest.
DrugBank ID: DB00243
Type: Small Molecule
US Approved: YES
Other Approved: YES
Patents: 12
Indicated Conditions: 2
Clinical Trials: Phase 0
0
Phase 1
9
Phase 2
27
Phase 3
16
Phase 4
27
Therapeutic Categories: Antianginal Agents
Mechanism of Action: Plasminogen
Modulator

Identification

Summary

Ranolazine is an anti-anginal drug used for the treatment of chronic angina.

Brand Names

Aspruzyo Sprinkle, Ranexa

Generic Name

Ranolazine

DrugBank Accession Number

DB00243

Background

Chronic angina is a common cardiovascular condition affecting millions worldwide and causes significant disability while interfering with daily activities.¹¹ Ranolazine is a well-tolerated piperazine derivative used for the management of this condition, offering relief from uncomfortable and debilitating symptoms.¹⁷ With a mechanism of action different from drugs used to treat the same condition, ranolazine is a promising anti-anginal therapy. It was originally approved by the FDA in 2006.¹⁵

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Investigational

Structure

Similar Structures

Weight: Average: 427.5365
Monoisotopic: 427.247106559
Chemical Formula: C₂₄H₃₃N₃O₄

Synonyms

Ranolazina
Ranolazine

External IDs

CVT-303
RS-43285-003

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Pharmacology

Indication

Ranolazine is indicated for the treatment of chronic angina. It can be used alone or in conjunction with nitrates, beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, anti-platelet drugs, calcium channel blockers, lipid-lowering drugs, and ACE inhibitors.¹⁷

Ranolazine has also been used off-label for the treatment of certain arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia, however, this use is not strongly supported by scientific evidence.³ Ranolazine has also been studied for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome, microvascular coronary dysfunction, arrhythmia, and glycemic control, which are not yet approved indications.^1,17

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Age Group	Patient Characteristics	Dose Form
Management of	Chronic angina		••••••••••••			••••••
Management of	Ventricular arrhythmia		••• •••••

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Ranolazine exerts both antianginal and ischemic effects independent from lowering heart rate or blood pressure.^9,17 It blocks IKr, the rapid portion of the delayed rectifier potassium current, and prolongs the QTc interval in a dose-dependent fashion. The Ikr is important for cardiac repolarization.¹⁷ Ranolazine exerts its therapeutic effects without negative chronotropic, dromotropic, or inotropic actions neither at rest, nor during exercise.¹

Mechanism of action

Myocardial ischemia exerts effects on adenosine triphosphate flux, leading to a decrease in the energy available for contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle. Electrolyte balance of sodium and potassium is necessary for maintaining normal cardiac contraction and relaxation. Disruption of adequate sodium and potassium electrolyte balance leads to excessively high concentrations of sodium and calcium, which likely interferes with oxygen supply to the heart muscle. This imbalance eventually leads to angina symptoms of chest pain or pressure, nausea, and dizziness, among others.^11,18

The mechanism of action for ranolazine is not fully understood. At therapeutic concentrations, it can inhibit the cardiac late sodium 205 current (INa), which may affect the electrolyte balance in the myocardium, relieving angina symptoms. The clinical significance this inhibition in the treatment of angina symptoms is not yet confirmed.¹⁷

Ranolazine inhibits sodium and potassium ion channel currents.¹ It has been shown to exert weak activity on L-type calcium channels making it a weak direct vasodilator and exerts minimal direct effects on atrioventricular nodal conduction.² Some additional mechanisms have been elucidated. Ranolazine exerts antagonistic activity towards the alpha 1 and beta 1 adrenergic receptors and inhibition of fatty acid oxidation.^1,12

Target	Actions	Organism
APlasminogen	modulator	Humans
USodium channel protein	inhibitor	Humans
UInward rectifier potassium channel	inhibitor	Humans
UVoltage gated L-type calcium channel	inhibitor	Humans
NAlpha-1 adrenergic receptors	antagonist	Humans
NBeta-1 adrenergic receptor	antagonist	Humans
UFatty acid	other/unknown

Absorption

The time to reach peak serum concentration is quite variable but has been observed to be in the range of 2-6 hours, with steady-state within 3 days.¹ The FDA indicates a Tmax of 3-5 hours.¹⁷ The average steady-state Cmax is about 2600 ng/mL. Absorption of ranolazine is not significantly affected by food consumption.³ The bioavailability of ranolazine taken in the tablet form compared to that from a solution of ranolazine is about 76%.¹⁷

Volume of distribution

The mean apparent volume of distribution of ranolazine is reported to be 53.2 L¹⁶ and the average steady-state volume of distribution is estimated to range from 85 to 180 L.⁶

Protein binding

Approximately 62% of the administered dose of ranolazine is bound to plasma proteins.^4,17 Ranolazine appears to have a higher binding affinity for alpha-1 acid glycoprotein.^13,16

Metabolism

Ranolazine is rapidly heavily metabolized in the liver an gastrointestinal tract through the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme with minor contributions from CYP2D6.^1,2,17 More than 40 ranolazine metabolites have been found in plasma and more than 100 metabolites have been identified in the urine.⁴

Ranolazine and some of its metabolites are known to weakly inhibit CYP3A4. However, the activity of the metabolites of ranolazine has not been fully elucidated.¹⁶

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Ranolazine
- RS-88390 (CVT-2514)
  - Ranolazine M1
- CVT-2534 + CVT-2738
- CVT-2513 + CVT-2535
  - CVT-2537
- CVT-2512
- CVT-3369
- CVT-2551
  - CVT-3248
- CVT-3388
  - CVT-3389
- CVT-5029

Route of elimination

From the administered dose, about 3/4 of the dose is excreted renally, while 1/4 of the dose is excreted in the feces. An estimated 5% of an ingested dose is excreted as unchanged drug.^1,17

Half-life

The apparent terminal half-life of ranolazine is 7 hours.^13,17

Clearance

The reported clearance rate of orally administered ranolazine is of 45 L/h when administered at a dose of 500 mg twice daily.⁶ The clearance rate of ranolazine is dose-dependent and renal impairment can increase ranolazine serum concentration by 40-50%.⁴

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

The reported LD50 of oral ranolazine in the rat is 980 mg/kg.^MSDS High oral doses of ranolazine have led to dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. These effects have been shown to be dose related. High intravenous doses can cause diplopia, confusion, paresthesia, in addition to syncope. In the case of an overdose, provide supportive therapy accompanied by continuous ECG monitoring for QT interval prolongation.¹⁷

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

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Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Drug	Interaction
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Abacavir	Ranolazine may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Abametapir	The serum concentration of Ranolazine can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
Abatacept	The metabolism of Ranolazine can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
Abemaciclib	The serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Ranolazine.
Abiraterone	The metabolism of Ranolazine can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone.

Food Interactions

Avoid grapefruit products.
Take with or without food. The absorption is unaffected by food.

Products

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Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Ranolazine hydrochloride	F71253DJUN	95635-56-6	RJNSNFZXAZXOFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Product Images

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Aspruzyo Sprinkle	Granule	500 mg/1	Oral	Sun Pharmaceutical Industries (Europe) B.V.	2022-02-28	Not applicable
Aspruzyo Sprinkle	Granule	1000 mg/1	Oral	Sun Pharmaceutical Industries (Europe) B.V.	2022-02-28	Not applicable
Corzyna	Tablet, extended release	500 mg	Oral	Kye Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2021-05-03	Not applicable
Corzyna	Tablet, extended release	1000 mg	Oral	Kye Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2023-05-24	Not applicable
Ranexa	Tablet, extended release	750 mg	Oral	Menarini International Operations Luxembourg S.A.	2020-12-16	Not applicable

Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Ranolazine	Tablet, extended release	1000 mg/1	Oral	Ajanta Pharma USA Inc.	2019-08-23	Not applicable
Ranolazine	Tablet, extended release	500 mg/1	Oral	American Health Packaging	2020-08-19	Not applicable
Ranolazine	Tablet, film coated, extended release	1000 mg/1	Oral	ScieGen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2019-06-04	Not applicable
Ranolazine	Tablet, film coated, extended release	500 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	2021-08-24	Not applicable
Ranolazine	Tablet, film coated, extended release	500 mg/1	Oral	McKesson Corporation dba SKY Packaging	2024-10-01	Not applicable

Chemical Identifiers

UNII: A6IEZ5M406
CAS number: 95635-55-5
InChI Key: XKLMZUWKNUAPSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C24H33N3O4/c1-18-7-6-8-19(2)24(18)25-23(29)16-27-13-11-26(12-14-27)15-20(28)17-31-22-10-5-4-9-21(22)30-3/h4-10,20,28H,11-17H2,1-3H3,(H,25,29)
IUPAC Name: N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide
SMILES: COC1=CC=CC=C1OCC(O)CN1CCN(CC(=O)NC2=C(C)C=CC=C2C)CC1

References

Synthesis Reference

Gilla Goverdhan, Anumula Raghupathi, Reddy Aalla, Sampath Kurella, Srinivas Vurimidi, Himabindu Ghanta, Mahesh Reddy.(2019).Improved Process for Ranolazine. Organic Process Research & Development 2009, 13, 1, 67-72

US20110151258

General References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Saad M, Mahmoud A, Elgendy IY, Richard Conti C: Ranolazine in Cardiac Arrhythmia. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Mar;39(3):170-8. doi: 10.1002/clc.22476. Epub 2015 Oct 13. [Article]
Reed M, Nicolas D: Ranolazine . [Article]
Mezincescu A, Karthikeyan VJ, Nadar SK: Ranolazine: A true pluripotent cardiovascular drug or jack of all trades, master of none? Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2018 Feb;18(1):e13-e23. doi: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.01.003. Epub 2018 Apr 4. [Article]
Codolosa JN, Acharjee S, Figueredo VM: Update on ranolazine in the management of angina. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2014 Jun 24;10:353-62. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S40477. eCollection 2014. [Article]
Jerling M: Clinical pharmacokinetics of ranolazine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2006;45(5):469-91. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200645050-00003. [Article]
Thomas D, Karle CA, Kiehn J: The cardiac hERG/IKr potassium channel as pharmacological target: structure, function, regulation, and clinical applications. Curr Pharm Des. 2006;12(18):2271-83. doi: 10.2174/138161206777585102. [Article]
Balestrini S, Sisodiya SM: Pharmacogenomics in epilepsy. Neurosci Lett. 2018 Feb 22;667:27-39. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.014. Epub 2017 Jan 10. [Article]
Gomberg-Maitland M, Schilz R, Mediratta A, Addetia K, Coslet S, Thomeas V, Gillies H, Oudiz RJ: Phase I safety study of ranolazine in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ. 2015 Dec;5(4):691-700. doi: 10.1086/683813. [Article]
Zweiker R, Aichinger J, Metzler B, Lang I, Wallner E, Delle-Karth G: Ranolazine: impact on quality of life in patients with stable angina pectoris, results from an observational study in Austria - the ARETHA AT study. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2019 Apr;131(7-8):165-173. doi: 10.1007/s00508-019-1481-x. Epub 2019 Apr 8. [Article]
Reddy BM, Weintraub HS, Schwartzbard AZ: Ranolazine: a new approach to treating an old problem. Tex Heart Inst J. 2010;37(6):641-7. [Article]
Bhandari B, Subramanian L: Ranolazine, a partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitor, its potential benefit in angina and other cardiovascular disorders. Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2007 Jan;2(1):35-9. doi: 10.2174/157489007779606095. [Article]
Chaitman BR: Ranolazine for the treatment of chronic angina and potential use in other cardiovascular conditions. Circulation. 2006 May 23;113(20):2462-72. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.597500. [Article]
FDA approvals [Link]
FDA approvals [Link]
Australian Assessment Report [Link]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Ranexa (ranolazine) extended-release tablets for oral use [Link]
Angina: Mayo clinic [Link]
RANEXA (ranolazine) Australian report [File]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database: HMDB0014388
PubChem Compound: 56959
PubChem Substance: 46505145
ChemSpider: 51354
BindingDB: 50173335
RxNav: 35829
ChEBI: 87690
ChEMBL: CHEMBL1404
Therapeutic Targets Database: DAP000875
PharmGKB: PA164746007
RxList: RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com: Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia: Ranolazine

FDA label

Download (153 KB)

MSDS

Download (52.8 KB)

Clinical Trials

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Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count	Start Date	Why Stopped	100+ additional columns
Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample data
Not Available	Completed	Not Available	Arrhythmia	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
Not Available	Completed	Diagnostic	Adenocarcinoma of Prostate / Bone Metastases / Metastases to soft tissue / Stage IIA Prostate Cancer / Stage IIB Prostate Cancer / Stage III Prostate Cancer / Stage IV Prostate Cancer	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Anginal Pain	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) / Coronary Microcirculation / Ischemia / Myocardial Diseases	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Gilead sciences inc

Packagers

Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
DSM Corp.
Gilead Sciences Inc.

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Granule	Oral	1000 mg/1
Granule	Oral	500 mg/1
Tablet, extended release	Oral	1000 mg
Tablet	Oral	500.000 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release	Oral	1000 mg/1
Tablet, film coated, extended release	Oral	500 mg/1
Tablet, extended release	Oral	375 mg
Tablet, extended release	Oral	500 mg
Tablet, extended release	Oral	750 mg
Tablet, extended release	Oral
Tablet, film coated, extended release	Oral	375 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release	Oral	500 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release	Oral	750 mg
Tablet, extended release	Oral	100000000 mg
Tablet, extended release	Oral	50000000 mg
Tablet	Oral	1000 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	500 mg/1
Tablet, extended release	Oral	1 g/1
Tablet, extended release	Oral	1000 mg/1
Tablet, extended release	Oral	500 mg/1

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Ranexa 1000 mg 12 Hour tablet	6.89USD	tablet
Ranexa 1000 mg tablet	6.63USD	tablet
Ranexa 500 mg 12 Hour tablet	4.06USD	tablet
Ranexa 500 mg tablet	4.04USD	tablet

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)
US6303607	No	2001-10-16	2019-05-27
US6479496	No	2002-11-12	2019-05-27
US6525057	No	2003-02-25	2019-05-27
US6562826	No	2003-05-13	2019-05-27
US6620814	No	2003-09-16	2019-05-27
US6852724	No	2005-02-08	2019-05-27
US6864258	No	2005-03-08	2019-05-27
US6617328	No	2003-09-09	2019-05-27
US6369062	No	2002-04-09	2019-05-27
US6503911	No	2003-01-07	2019-05-27
US10898444	No	2021-01-26	2038-01-24
US11510878	No	2018-01-24	2038-01-24

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	120-124	https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/drugbank/msds/DB00243.pdf?1550621114
boiling point (°C)	624.1	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ranolazine
water solubility	<1 mg/ml	MSDS
logP	2.07	Australian Assessment Report
pKa	2.2	Australian Assessment Report

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.11 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	2.08	ALOGPS
logP	2.83	Chemaxon
logS	-3.6	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	13.6	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	6.77	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	6	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	74.27 Å²	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	9	Chemaxon
Refractivity	123.46 m³·mol^-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	47.22 Å³	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	3	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	No	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	-	0.7425
Blood Brain Barrier	-	0.5334
Caco-2 permeable	-	0.5853
P-glycoprotein substrate	Substrate	0.8667
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Inhibitor	0.7566
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Inhibitor	0.7524
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.7648
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.7965
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Substrate	0.7456
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.9045
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.907
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8287
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9025
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8309
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.8155
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.8529
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.9128
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.9936
Rat acute toxicity	2.3256 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.8753
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Inhibitor	0.8775

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	splash10-00di-0960000000-fec44fb0c944059ff910
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0udi-0010900000-41c6c10d624710416f8e
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0udi-0010900000-41c6c10d624710416f8e
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-1321900000-58e490b47155b2267ecc
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-1320900000-9a6cdfcd606e98d38452
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-0320900000-ab04122e7d0d6e7c3690
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-5951300000-885e790d3cd4d8746c02
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0ufr-0009400000-a6347601d88bf9ab93ba
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-0938200000-5f3bd46aed4c683860fa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0uk9-0259100000-b12a73e55b27c1660173
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-0931000000-bd60420de137c4222ebc
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00bi-0976600000-c95e1969958fc19c1533
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0fmm-1974100000-aad4ba8f103ed19d7ac8
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å²)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	223.7686291	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	194.37053	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	223.0475291	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	196.72856	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	222.5590291	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	203.81526	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Details1. Plasminogen

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Modulator

General Function: Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells
Specific Function: apolipoprotein binding
Gene Name: PLG
Uniprot ID: P00747
Uniprot Name: Plasminogen
Molecular Weight: 90568.415 Da

References

Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]

Details2. Sodium channel protein (Protein Group)

Kind: Protein group
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor
Curator comments: Ranolazine administered at normal therapeutic doses can inhibit the cardiac late sodium 205 current (INa), according to the FDA label.

General Function: Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:14672992). Plays a key role in brain, probably by regulating the moment when neurotransmitters are released in neurons. Involved in sensory perception of mechanical pain: activation in somatosensory neurons induces pain without neurogenic inflammation and produces hypersensitivity to mechanical, but not thermal stimuli
Specific Function: voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Components:

Name	UniProt ID
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	P35498
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha	Q9Y5Y9
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha	Q9UI33
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	Q99250
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	Q9NY46
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha	P35499
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	Q14524
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha	Q01118
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha	Q9UQD0
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha	Q15858
Sodium channel regulatory subunit beta-1	Q07699
Sodium channel regulatory subunit beta-2	O60939
Sodium channel regulatory subunit beta-3	Q9NY72
Sodium channel subunit beta-4	Q8IWT1

References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Saad M, Mahmoud A, Elgendy IY, Richard Conti C: Ranolazine in Cardiac Arrhythmia. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Mar;39(3):170-8. doi: 10.1002/clc.22476. Epub 2015 Oct 13. [Article]
Jerling M: Clinical pharmacokinetics of ranolazine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2006;45(5):469-91. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200645050-00003. [Article]
Australian Assessment Report [Link]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Ranexa (ranolazine) extended-release tablets for oral use [Link]

Details3. Inward rectifier potassium channel (Protein Group)

Kind: Protein group
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Inward rectifying potassium channel that is activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and that probably participates in controlling the resting membrane potential in electrically excitable cells. Probably participates in establishing action potential waveform and excitability of neuronal and muscle tissues. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium
Specific Function: inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Components:

Name	UniProt ID
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12	Q14500
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 14	Q9UNX9
Inward rectifier potassium channel 2	P63252
Inward rectifier potassium channel 4	P48050

References

Saad M, Mahmoud A, Elgendy IY, Richard Conti C: Ranolazine in Cardiac Arrhythmia. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Mar;39(3):170-8. doi: 10.1002/clc.22476. Epub 2015 Oct 13. [Article]
Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Ranexa (ranolazine) extended-release tablets for oral use [Link]

Details4. Voltage gated L-type calcium channel (Protein Group)

Kind: Protein group
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents (PubMed:11741969, PubMed:12176756, PubMed:12181424, PubMed:15454078, PubMed:15863612, PubMed:16299511, PubMed:17071743, PubMed:17224476, PubMed:20953164, PubMed:23677916, PubMed:24728418, PubMed:26253506, PubMed:27218670, PubMed:29078335, PubMed:29742403, PubMed:30023270, PubMed:30172029, PubMed:34163037, PubMed:7737988, PubMed:8099908, PubMed:8392192, PubMed:9013606, PubMed:9087614, PubMed:9607315). Mediates influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm, and thereby triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasm (By similarity). Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm (PubMed:15454078, PubMed:15863612, PubMed:17224476, PubMed:24728418, PubMed:26253506). Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine. Essential for normal blood pressure regulation via its role in the contraction of arterial smooth muscle cells (PubMed:28119464). Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group (Probable)
Specific Function: alpha-actinin binding

Components:

Name	UniProt ID
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	Q13936
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	Q01668
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	O60840
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	Q13698
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1	Q02641
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2	Q08289
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3	P54284
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4	O00305

References

Saad M, Mahmoud A, Elgendy IY, Richard Conti C: Ranolazine in Cardiac Arrhythmia. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Mar;39(3):170-8. doi: 10.1002/clc.22476. Epub 2015 Oct 13. [Article]
Peters CH, Sokolov S, Rajamani S, Ruben PC: Effects of the antianginal drug, ranolazine, on the brain sodium channel Na(V)1.2 and its modulation by extracellular protons. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Jun;169(3):704-16. doi: 10.1111/bph.12150. [Article]
Fredj S, Sampson KJ, Liu H, Kass RS: Molecular basis of ranolazine block of LQT-3 mutant sodium channels: evidence for site of action. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 May;148(1):16-24. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706709. [Article]
Neshatian L, Strege PR, Rhee PL, Kraichely RE, Mazzone A, Bernard CE, Cima RR, Larson DW, Dozois EJ, Kline CF, Mohler PJ, Beyder A, Farrugia G: Ranolazine inhibits voltage-gated mechanosensitive sodium channels in human colon circular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2015 Sep 15;309(6):G506-12. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00051.2015. Epub 2015 Jul 16. [Article]

Details5. Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (Protein Group)

Kind: Protein group
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Antagonist
Curator comments: Ranolazine has demonstrated α1 adrenergic antagonist action in animal models and human arteries.

General Function: This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins. Nuclear ADRA1A-ADRA1B heterooligomers regulate phenylephrine(PE)-stimulated ERK signaling in cardiac myocytes
Specific Function: alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity

Components:

Name	UniProt ID
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	P35348
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	P35368
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	P25100

References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Virsolvy A, Farah C, Pertuit N, Kong L, Lacampagne A, Reboul C, Aimond F, Richard S: Antagonism of Nav channels and alpha1-adrenergic receptors contributes to vascular smooth muscle effects of ranolazine. Sci Rep. 2015 Dec 10;5:17969. doi: 10.1038/srep17969. [Article]
Zhao G, Walsh E, Shryock JC, Messina E, Wu Y, Zeng D, Xu X, Ochoa M, Baker SP, Hintze TH, Belardinelli L: Antiadrenergic and hemodynamic effects of ranolazine in conscious dogs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2011 Jun;57(6):639-47. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31821458e8. [Article]

Details6. Beta-1 adrenergic receptor

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Antagonist
Curator comments: Ranolazine has demonstrated B1 antagonist activity in animal models.

General Function: Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately equal affinity. Mediates Ras activation through G(s)-alpha- and cAMP-mediated signaling. Involved in the regulation of sleep/wake behaviors (PubMed:31473062)
Specific Function: alpha-2A adrenergic receptor binding
Gene Name: ADRB1
Uniprot ID: P08588
Uniprot Name: Beta-1 adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight: 51222.97 Da

References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Zhao G, Walsh E, Shryock JC, Messina E, Wu Y, Zeng D, Xu X, Ochoa M, Baker SP, Hintze TH, Belardinelli L: Antiadrenergic and hemodynamic effects of ranolazine in conscious dogs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2011 Jun;57(6):639-47. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31821458e8. [Article]
Letienne R, Vie B, Puech A, Vieu S, Le Grand B, John GW: Evidence that ranolazine behaves as a weak beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptor antagonist in the rat [correction of cat] cardiovascular system. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2001 Apr;363(4):464-71. doi: 10.1007/s002100000378. [Article]

7. Fatty acid

Kind

Group

Organism

Not Available

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Other/unknown

Curator comments

Ranolazine interrupts the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The concentration of ranolazine needed to inhibit fatty-acid β-oxidation is at least ten times higher than the therapeutic concentration (<10 µM).

References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Reddy BM, Weintraub HS, Schwartzbard AZ: Ranolazine: a new approach to treating an old problem. Tex Heart Inst J. 2010;37(6):641-7. [Article]
Bhandari B, Subramanian L: Ranolazine, a partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitor, its potential benefit in angina and other cardiovascular disorders. Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2007 Jan;2(1):35-9. doi: 10.2174/157489007779606095. [Article]

Enzymes

Details1. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
Specific Function: 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
Gene Name: CYP3A4
Uniprot ID: P08684
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight: 57342.67 Da

References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Codolosa JN, Acharjee S, Figueredo VM: Update on ranolazine in the management of angina. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2014 Jun 24;10:353-62. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S40477. eCollection 2014. [Article]
Australian Assessment Report [Link]
FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Ranexa (ranolazine) extended-release tablets for oral use [Link]

Details2. Cytochrome P450 2D6

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, steroids and retinoids (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ethanolamide (20-HETE-EA) and 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:21289075). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the oxidative transformations of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal, a precursor for the active form all-trans-retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants
Specific Function: anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity
Gene Name: CYP2D6
Uniprot ID: P10635
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2D6
Molecular Weight: 55768.94 Da

References

Rayner-Hartley E, Sedlak T: Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003196. [Article]
Codolosa JN, Acharjee S, Figueredo VM: Update on ranolazine in the management of angina. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2014 Jun 24;10:353-62. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S40477. eCollection 2014. [Article]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Ranexa (ranolazine) extended-release tablets for oral use [Link]

Carriers

Details1. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Binder

General Function: Functions as a transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability in the body. Appears to function in modulating the activity of the immune system during the acute-phase reaction
Specific Function: Not Available
Gene Name: ORM1
Uniprot ID: P02763
Uniprot Name: Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1
Molecular Weight: 23539.43 Da

References

Chaitman BR: Ranolazine for the treatment of chronic angina and potential use in other cardiovascular conditions. Circulation. 2006 May 23;113(20):2462-72. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.597500. [Article]
Australian Assessment Report [Link]

Transporters

Details1. Bile salt export pump

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Catalyzes the transport of the major hydrophobic bile salts, such as taurine and glycine-conjugated cholic acid across the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes in an ATP-dependent manner, therefore participates in hepatic bile acid homeostasis and consequently to lipid homeostasis through regulation of biliary lipid secretion in a bile salts dependent manner (PubMed:15791618, PubMed:16332456, PubMed:18985798, PubMed:19228692, PubMed:20010382, PubMed:20398791, PubMed:22262466, PubMed:24711118, PubMed:29507376, PubMed:32203132). Transports taurine-conjugated bile salts more rapidly than glycine-conjugated bile salts (PubMed:16332456). Also transports non-bile acid compounds, such as pravastatin and fexofenadine in an ATP-dependent manner and may be involved in their biliary excretion (PubMed:15901796, PubMed:18245269)
Specific Function: ABC-type bile acid transporter activity
Gene Name: ABCB11
Uniprot ID: O95342
Uniprot Name: Bile salt export pump
Molecular Weight: 146405.83 Da

References

Pedersen JM, Matsson P, Bergstrom CA, Hoogstraate J, Noren A, LeCluyse EL, Artursson P: Early identification of clinically relevant drug interactions with the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11). Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):328-43. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft197. Epub 2013 Sep 6. [Article]

Details2. ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane (PubMed:2897240, PubMed:35970996, PubMed:8898203, PubMed:9038218). Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins (PubMed:8898203). Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells (PubMed:2897240, PubMed:35970996, PubMed:9038218)
Specific Function: ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity
Gene Name: ABCB1
Uniprot ID: P08183
Uniprot Name: ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1
Molecular Weight: 141477.255 Da

References

Saad M, Mahmoud A, Elgendy IY, Richard Conti C: Ranolazine in Cardiac Arrhythmia. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Mar;39(3):170-8. doi: 10.1002/clc.22476. Epub 2015 Oct 13. [Article]
Reed M, Nicolas D: Ranolazine . [Article]
Codolosa JN, Acharjee S, Figueredo VM: Update on ranolazine in the management of angina. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2014 Jun 24;10:353-62. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S40477. eCollection 2014. [Article]
Montanari F, Ecker GF: Prediction of drug-ABC-transporter interaction--Recent advances and future challenges. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015 Jun 23;86:17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.001. Epub 2015 Mar 11. [Article]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Ranexa (ranolazine) extended-release tablets for oral use [Link]
Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]

Details3. Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17509534). Plays a physiological role in the excretion of cationic compounds including endogenous metabolites, drugs, toxins through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17495125, PubMed:17509534, PubMed:17582384, PubMed:18305230, PubMed:19158817, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:24961373). Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, vitamin B1/thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17495125, PubMed:17509534, PubMed:17582384, PubMed:18305230, PubMed:19158817, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:24961373). May also contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
Specific Function: antiporter activity
Gene Name: SLC47A1
Uniprot ID: Q96FL8
Uniprot Name: Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1
Molecular Weight: 61921.585 Da

References

FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]

Details4. Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter. Mediates the efflux of cationic compounds, such as the model cations, tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), the platinum-based drug oxaliplatin or weak bases that are positively charged at physiological pH, cimetidine, the platinum-based drugs cisplatin and oxaliplatin or the antidiabetic drug metformin. Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as, creatinine, thiamine and estrone-3-sulfate. Plays a physiological role in the excretion of drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites through the kidney
Specific Function: antiporter activity
Gene Name: SLC47A2
Uniprot ID: Q86VL8
Uniprot Name: Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2
Molecular Weight: 65083.915 Da

References

FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at November 09, 2024 06:17

Ranolazine

Overview

Identification

Structure for Ranolazine (DB00243)

Pharmacology

Interactions

Products

Categories

Chemical Identifiers

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Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Targets

References

Components:

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Components:

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Components:

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Components:

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Enzymes

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Carriers

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Transporters

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