Restoring chemotherapy and hormone therapy sensitivity by parthenolide in a xenograft hormone refractory prostate cancer model.

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Shanmugam R, Jayaprakasan V, Gokmen-Polar Y, Kelich S, Miller KD, Yip-Schneider M, Cheng L, Bhat-Nakshatri P, Sledge GW Jr, Nakshatri H, Zheng QH, Miller MA, DeGrado T, Hutchins GD, Sweeney CJ

Restoring chemotherapy and hormone therapy sensitivity by parthenolide in a xenograft hormone refractory prostate cancer model.

Prostate. 2006 Oct 1;66(14):1498-511.

PubMed ID

16921510 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nuclear Factor kappa B (NFkappaB) is a eukaryotic transcription factor that is constitutively active in human cancers and can be inhibited by the naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, parthenolide (P). METHODS: The in vitro effects of P were assessed using the androgen independent cell line, CWR22Rv1, and human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). The in vivo activity of P as a single agent and its ability to augment the efficacy of docetaxel and the anti-androgen, bicalutamide, were determined using the CWR22Rv1 xenograft model. RESULTS: Parthenolide at low micromolar concentration inhibited proliferation of CWR22Rv1 and HUVEC cells, promoted apoptosis and abrogated NFkappaB-DNA binding. Parthenolide downregulated anti-apoptotic genes under NFkappaB control, TRAF 1 and 2, and promoted sustained activation of c-jun-NH2 kinase (JNK). Parthenolide also augmented the in vivo efficacy of docetaxel and restored sensitivity to anti-androgen therapy. CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate parthenolide's anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity, and its potential to augment the efficacy of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy.