Propylene glycol

Overview

DrugBank ID
DB01839
Type
Small Molecule
US Approved
NO
Other Approved
YES
Clinical Trials
Phase 0
5
Phase 1
37
Phase 2
74
Phase 3
54
Phase 4
86

Identification

Brand Names
Leader Lubricant Eye Drops, QC ultra lubricant eye, Systane, Systane Balance
Generic Name
Propylene glycol
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01839
Background

A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 76.0944
Monoisotopic: 76.0524295
Chemical Formula
C3H8O2
Synonyms
  • 1,2-dihydroxypropane
  • 1,2-Propanediol
  • 1,2-Propylenglykol
  • 2-hydroxypropanol
  • isopropylene glycol
  • methyl glycol
  • methylethyl glycol
  • methylethylene glycol
  • monopropylene glycol
  • Propane-1,2-diol
  • Propylene glycol
  • α-propyleneglycol
External IDs
  • E-1520
  • INS NO.1520
  • INS-1520
  • NSC-69860

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Prophylaxis ofDry eyes••• •••••••••••• ••••••••
Symptomatic treatment ofDry eyes••• •••••••••••• ••••••••
Used in combination for symptomatic treatment ofDry eyesCombination Product in combination with: Hyaluronic acid (DB08818), Polyethylene glycol 400 (DB11077)••••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination for symptomatic treatment ofDry eyesCombination Product in combination with: Polyethylene glycol 400 (DB11077)••• •••
Used in combination to manageDry eyesCombination Product in combination with: Glycerin (DB09462)••• •••
Associated Therapies
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
UB12-independent glycerol dehydrataseNot AvailableClostridium butyricum
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Pyruvate Kinase DeficiencyDisease
Pyruvate MetabolismMetabolic
Leigh SyndromeDisease
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex DeficiencyDisease
Pyruvate Decarboxylase E1 Component Deficiency (PDHE1 Deficiency)Disease
Primary Hyperoxaluria II, PH2Disease
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylatedThe therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylated can be decreased when used in combination with Propylene glycol.
Certolizumab pegolThe therapeutic efficacy of Certolizumab pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Propylene glycol.
Damoctocog alfa pegolThe therapeutic efficacy of Damoctocog alfa pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Propylene glycol.
ElapegademaseThe therapeutic efficacy of Elapegademase can be decreased when used in combination with Propylene glycol.
LipegfilgrastimThe therapeutic efficacy of Lipegfilgrastim can be decreased when used in combination with Propylene glycol.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Propylene glycol diacetate5Z492UNF9O623-84-7MLHOXUWWKVQEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Advanced Eye Relief/ Dry Eye/ Rejuvenation LubricantSolution / drops9.5 mg/1mLOphthalmicBauch & Lomb Incorporated2010-01-012010-01-31US flag
Artificial TearsSolution / drops9.5 mg/1mLOphthalmicRite Aid Corporation2010-09-012015-08-31US flag
Baby WipesCloth1 g/1TopicalShandong Yayun Sanitary Products Co., Ltd.2020-03-30Not applicableUS flag
CVS Health Lubricant DropsSolution / drops0.06 mg/1mLOphthalmicVelocity Pharma Llc2021-11-11Not applicableUS flag
CVS Lubricant Eye Drops 15mLLiquid0.6 g/100mLOphthalmicCVS PHARMACY2019-09-20Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
(badiful) Antibacterial WipesPropylene glycol (2 mg/100mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (13 mg/100mL) + Cetylpyridinium chloride (5 mg/100mL) + Chlorphenesin (2 mg/100mL)SwabTopicalZHANGZHOU KANGBEI HYGIENIC PRODUCTS CO., LTD.2020-05-31Not applicableUS flag
Advanced Eye Relief Dry Eye RejuvenationPropylene glycol (10 mg/1mL) + Glycerin (3 mg/1mL)Solution / dropsOphthalmicBausch & Lomb Incorporated2010-09-01Not applicableUS flag
Alcohol disinfectant wipesPropylene glycol (0.5 g/801) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.5 g/801) + Ethanol (230 mL/801) + Methylisothiazolinone (0.5 g/801) + Phenoxyethanol (0.5 g/801)ClothExtracorporealZhejiang Huanghua Biological Technology Co., Ltd2020-08-10Not applicableUS flag
Alcohol disinfectant wipesPropylene glycol (0.5 g/501) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.5 g/501) + Ethanol (160 mL/501) + Methylisothiazolinone (0.5 g/501) + Phenoxyethanol (0.5 g/501)ClothExtracorporealZhejiang Huanghua Biological Technology Co., Ltd2020-11-26Not applicableUS flag
Alcohol disinfectant wipesPropylene glycol (1.98 g/101) + Benzalkonium chloride (2.475 g/101) + Ethanol (202.5 mL/101) + Methylisothiazolinone (5.85 mg/101) + Phenoxyethanol (0.44491 g/101)ClothExtracorporealZhejiang Huanghua Biological Technology Co., Ltd2020-05-212020-05-21US flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
(badiful) Antibacterial WipesPropylene glycol (2 mg/100mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (13 mg/100mL) + Cetylpyridinium chloride (5 mg/100mL) + Chlorphenesin (2 mg/100mL)SwabTopicalZHANGZHOU KANGBEI HYGIENIC PRODUCTS CO., LTD.2020-05-31Not applicableUS flag
Disinfectant Cleaning WipesPropylene glycol (0.12 g/1601) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.12 g/1601) + Ethylhexylglycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Glycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Phenoxyethanol (0.6 g/1601)ClothExtracorporealReynard (Ningbo) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.2020-04-172020-05-29US flag
Disinfectant Cleaning WipesPropylene glycol (0.12 g/1601) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.12 g/1601) + Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (0.24 g/1601) + Ethylhexylglycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Glycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Phenoxyethanol (0.6 g/1601)ClothExtracorporealReynard (Ningbo) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.2020-06-12Not applicableUS flag
Disinfectant Cleaning WipesPropylene glycol (0.12 g/1601) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.12 g/1601) + Ethylhexylglycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Glycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Phenoxyethanol (0.6 g/1601)ClothExtracorporealReynard (Ningbo) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.2020-04-172020-05-29US flag
Disinfecting WipesPropylene glycol (0.12 g/1601) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.12 g/1601) + Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (0.24 g/1601) + Ethylhexylglycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Glycerin (0.12 g/1601) + Phenoxyethanol (0.6 g/1601)ClothExtracorporealReynard (Ningbo) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.2020-04-17Not applicableUS flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-diols. These are polyols containing an alcohol group at two adjacent positions.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic oxygen compounds
Class
Organooxygen compounds
Sub Class
Alcohols and polyols
Direct Parent
1,2-diols
Alternative Parents
Secondary alcohols / Primary alcohols / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
1,2-diol / Aliphatic acyclic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Primary alcohol / Secondary alcohol
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
propane-1,2-diols, glycol (CHEBI:16997) / DL-12-Propanediol (PROPANE-1-2-DIOL)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
6DC9Q167V3
CAS number
57-55-6
InChI Key
DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C3H8O2/c1-3(5)2-4/h3-5H,2H2,1H3
IUPAC Name
propane-1,2-diol
SMILES
CC(O)CO

References

Synthesis Reference

Rudolf Huettinger, Ulrich Holtschmidt, "Polyoxyalkylene ethers of glycerin or 1,2-propanediol, esterified with fatty acid and/or isostearic acid, their synthesis and use as thickening or solubilizing agents." U.S. Patent US4614622, issued June, 1968.

US4614622
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0001881
KEGG Drug
D00078
KEGG Compound
C00583
PubChem Compound
1030
PubChem Substance
46505685
ChemSpider
13835224
RxNav
34693
ChEBI
16997
ChEMBL
CHEMBL286398
Wikipedia
Propylene_glycol

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCountStart DateWhy Stopped100+ additional columns
Not AvailableActive Not RecruitingTreatmentInsomnia Chronic1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableApproved for MarketingNot AvailableLiver Disease1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableApproved for MarketingNot AvailableTotal Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Cholestasis3somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableCompletedNot AvailableDry Eye Syndrome (DES)3somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableCompletedNot AvailableHypertension1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
SwabTopical
Solution / dropsOphthalmic9.5 mg/1mL
GelTopical
LiquidTopical
ClothTopical1 g/1
CreamCutaneous
SyrupOral11.8 g/1U
ClothExtracorporeal
LotionTopical
Solution, gel forming / dropsOphthalmic
EmulsionCutaneous
Solution / dropsOphthalmic6 mg/1mL
LiquidOphthalmic
CreamTopical0.1 g/1g
GelCutaneous
SolutionOphthalmic
Solution / dropsOphthalmic0.6 g/100mL
CreamTopical19 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayNasal
SolutionConjunctival; Ophthalmic
LiquidCutaneous
SprayCutaneous
LiquidOphthalmic0.6 g/100mL
GelNasal
Aerosol, meteredNasal
LiquidTopical23.85 mL/150mL
SprayTopical
SolutionCutaneous
ClothTopical
GelExtracorporeal
Spray, meteredNasal
LiquidNasal
LiquidExtracorporeal
SprayNasal
CreamTopical
Solution / dropsOphthalmic
GelOphthalmic
EmulsionOphthalmic0.06 mg/1mL
Solution / dropsOphthalmic.06 mg/1mL
Kit; solutionOphthalmic
SolutionOphthalmic; Topical
EmulsionOphthalmic6 mg
SolutionConjunctival; Ophthalmic6 mg
EmulsionOphthalmic0.6 g/100mL
ShampooTopical10 g/500mL
SolutionConjunctival; Topical
LiquidAuricular (otic)
Solution / dropsOphthalmic0.06 mg/1mL
Solution / dropsOphthalmic0.05 g/100mL
LotionCutaneous
Solution
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)-60 °CPhysProp
boiling point (°C)187.6 °CPhysProp
water solubility1E+006 mg/L (at 20 °C)YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP-0.92HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
pKa14.9SERJEANT,EP & DEMPSEY,B (1979)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility952.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-1.1ALOGPS
logP-0.79Chemaxon
logS1.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)14.47Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.9Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area40.46 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count1Chemaxon
Refractivity18.97 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability8.01 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9832
Blood Brain Barrier+0.7184
Caco-2 permeable-0.6594
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.7162
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9157
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.944
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9401
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.832
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8739
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.7434
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.7858
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9388
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9526
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8969
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9599
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.958
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9132
CarcinogenicityCarcinogens 0.5
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.9505
Rat acute toxicity0.6112 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9568
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9008
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)GC-MSsplash10-014j-0900000000-d90655d5a614c4ddf998
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-014i-1900000000-ab4a1ff05d1275711170
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-055g-9000000000-594a84f802409d0a8265
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-a18bede40461dace657b
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-6d2345a66e2cf8d2d379
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-014j-0900000000-d90655d5a614c4ddf998
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-014i-1900000000-ab4a1ff05d1275711170
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-cbc512db1a4c5510015e
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a7i-9000000000-6c96c59f8ba2e0e5353e
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-005d-9000000000-ae07e4049d24341335ec
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-00aj-9000000000-f455f8f0f79f9970711a
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-c5bf57086deb14e12495
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-6d2345a66e2cf8d2d379
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-48caec9618268e1997c8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-7e3fb0bdfce0f1de63cf
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-087995a0b5ee477b0b4a
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-6e3e97d8bc14accb0a75
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-9c3de30bda1489859d2e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-c8073e8759fda008b1b1
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-104.0060753
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-121.78371
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+104.6241753
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+123.88966
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+104.1247753
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+132.127
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Clostridium butyricum
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Not Available
Specific Function
lyase activity
Gene Name
dhaB1
Uniprot ID
Q8GEZ8
Uniprot Name
B12-independent glycerol dehydratase
Molecular Weight
88046.08 Da

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at April 26, 2024 04:15