Identification
- Summary
Thallous chloride is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical for myocardial perfusion testing and tests of parathyroid function.
- Generic Name
- Thallous chloride
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09316
- Background
Thallous chloride (also known as Thallium(I) chloride) is a colourless solid intermediate in the isolation of thallium from its ores. It is created from the treatment of thallium(I) sulfate with hydrochloric acid. This solid crystallizes in the caesium chloride motif. It is used as a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical. It is used for diagnosis of heart and parathyroid problems. The following are among the possible side effects: Blurred vision, chest pain or discomfort, chills, confusion, cough, difficulty with breathing, difficulty with swallowing, and dizziness.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
Structure for Thallous chloride (DB09316)
- Weight
- Average: 239.836
Monoisotopic: 239.943264977 - Chemical Formula
- ClTl
- Synonyms
- Thallium chloride
- thallium monochloride
- Thallium(I) chloride
- External IDs
- NSC-15197
Pharmacology
- Indication
For use as a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical. It is indicated to help diagnose heart disease (eg, coronary artery disease, heart attack). It is also used for the diagnosis of parathyroid problems.
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Data not found.
- Mechanism of action
Thallous Chloride TI201 without carrier, accumulates in the heart (myocardium) in a similar way to that of potassium. Thallous Chloride Tl 201 images have been found to visualize areas of infarction as “cold” or nonlabeled regions which are confirmed by electrocardiographic and enzyme changes. Regions of transient myocardial ischemia corresponding to areas perfused by coronary arteries with partial stenoses have been visualized when Thallous Chloride Tl 201 was administered in conjunction with an exercise stress test. Anatomic configurations may interfere with visualization of the right coronary artery.
- Absorption
After IV administration, thallous chloride clears rapidly from the blood, with maximum concentration in the myocardium after about 10 min. Only 5-8% of injected activity remained in the blood, following 5 minutes of intravenous administration.
- Volume of distribution
3–10 L/kg
- Protein binding
Data not found.
- Metabolism
Data not found
- Route of elimination
Thallous Chloride Tl 201 is excreted slowly and to an equal extent in both feces and urine.
- Half-life
91% of the blood radioactivity has a t1/2 of 5 min. 9% has t1/2 of 40 hours.
- Clearance
Approximately 4-8% of the injected dose was excreted in the urine in the first 24 hours. The whole body disappearance half-time was 9.8 ± 2.5 days. Kidney concentration was found to be about 3 percent of the injected activity and the testicular content was 0.15 percent. Net thyroid activity was determined to be only 0.2 percent of the injected dose, and the activity disappeared in 24 hours. From anterior and posterior whole-body scans, it was determined that about 45 percent of the injected dose was in the large intestines and contiguous structures (liver, kidneys, abdominal musculature).
- Adverse Effects
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LD50 (mouse): 24 mg/kg. Minimum lethal dose (Human): 8 mg/kg. Thallium inhibits enzymes, but nothing is really known of a biochemical lesion. In fatal cases, there usually is extensive peripheral paralysis and cardiovascular involvement. The immediate cause of death may be peripheral respiratory failure of cardiac arrest.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
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Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Thallous cation Tl-201 ionic 4877X14G4C Not Available ZLUSCZLCHQSJRU-OIOBTWANSA-N
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as post-transition metal chlorides. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest halogen atom is Chlorine, and the heaviest metal atom is a post-transition metal.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
- Class
- Post-transition metal salts
- Sub Class
- Post-transition metal chlorides
- Direct Parent
- Post-transition metal chlorides
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic chloride salts
- Substituents
- Inorganic chloride salt / Inorganic salt / Post-transition metal chloride
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- inorganic chloride, thallium molecular entity (CHEBI:37117)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 37CB58V15B
- CAS number
- 7791-12-0
- InChI Key
- GBECUEIQVRDUKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- InChI
- InChI=1S/ClH.Tl/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
- IUPAC Name
- chlorothallane
- SMILES
- [Cl-].[Tl+]
References
- General References
- Monograph [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0013724
- KEGG Compound
- C15226
- PubChem Compound
- 24642
- PubChem Substance
- 310265201
- ChemSpider
- 23044
- ChEBI
- 37117
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL2110567
- Wikipedia
- Thallium(I)_chloride
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Diagnostic Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Injection, solution Intravenous Injection, solution Intravenous 37 MBq/ml Injection Intravenous 37 MBq/ml - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 123.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.55 ALOGPS logP 0.53 ChemAxon logS -0.29 ALOGPS Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 0 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 ChemAxon Refractivity 6.14 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 4.35 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 0 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule Yes ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Drug created at November 16, 2015 23:11 / Updated at December 17, 2021 21:22