Crotalus adamanteus antivenin is a mixture of antibodies used to treat venomous snake bites from Crotalus adamanteus (Eastern Diamondback rattlesnake). Each year it is estimated there are 45,000 snakebites in the US and 300,000 to 400,000 bites worldwide.
- Mechanism
- Curator reviewed
CROFAB consists of venom-specific Fab fragments of immunoglobulin G (IgG) that work by binding to and neutralizing venom toxins, facilitating their redistribution away from target tissues and their elimination from the body.
CROFAB contains only the Fab fragments from ovine-derived immunoglobulins. The enzyme papain is used to cleave the IgG antibody, creating 2 separate Fab fragments and 1 Fc fragment. After the cleavage step, another protein binds to the Fc fragments, which are not essential for binding snake venom, allowing the pure Fab fragments to be recovered. The Fab fragments of an immunoglobulin contain the variable regions that recognize and bind to specific antigens.
- Primary indication
- Indicated for North American crotalid envenomation by Crotalinae rattlesnakes (eg, cottonmouths/water moccasins, copperheads, rattlesnakes).Curator reviewed · 1 structured indication
- First approval
- United States, 2000
- Also known as
- Crotalus adamanteus immune fab antivenin (ovine)
- Brand names
Resolves to
What you can answer from here — as of April 02, 2025
Which drugs share a target with Crotalus adamanteus antivenin, and which of those have an active Phase 3 trial?
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