Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
Details
- Name
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
- Synonyms
- GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-2
- GABAAR subunit alpha-2
- Gene Name
- GABRA2
- UniProtKB Entry
- P47869Swiss-Prot
- Organism
- Humans
- NCBI Taxonomy ID
- 9606
- Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0037005|Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 MKTKLNIYNMQFLLFVFLVWDPARLVLANIQEDEAKNNITIFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPG LGDSITEVFTNIYVTSFGPVSDTDMEYTIDVFFRQKWKDERLKFKGPMNILRLNNLMASK IWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTMPNKLLRIQDDGTLLYTMRLTVQAECPMHLEDFPMDAHSC PLKFGSYAYTTSEVTYIWTYNASDSVQVAPDGSRLNQYDLLGQSIGKETIKSSTGEYTVM TAHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISA RNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGWAWDGKSVVNDKKKEKASV MIQNNAYAVAVANYAPNLSKDPVLSTISKSATTPEPNKKPENKPAEAKKTFNSVSKIDRM SRIVFPVLFGTFNLVYWATYLNREPVLGVSP
- Number of residues
- 451
- Molecular Weight
- 51325.85
- Theoretical pI
- 9.41
- GO Classification
- FunctionsGABA-gated chloride ion channel activity / ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential / transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialProcessesinhibitory synapse assembly / regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential / synaptic transmission, GABAergicComponentsdendrite membrane / GABA-ergic synapse / inhibitory synapse / neuronal cell body / postsynapse / postsynaptic specialization membrane / synapse / synaptic vesicle membrane / transmembrane transporter complex
- General Function
- Alpha subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:10449790, PubMed:29961870, PubMed:31032849). GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interfaces (By similarity). When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:10449790). Chloride influx into the postsynaptic neuron following GABAAR opening decreases the neuron ability to generate a new action potential, thereby reducing nerve transmission (By similarity). The alpha-2 subunit exhibits synaptogenic activity together with beta-2 and very little to no activity together with beta-3, the gamma-2 subunit being necessary but not sufficient to induce rapid synaptic contacts formation (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- benzodiazepine receptor activity
- Pfam Domain Function
- Signal Regions
- 1-28
- Transmembrane Regions
- 250-270 281-300 312-332 421-441
- Cellular Location
- Postsynaptic cell membrane
- Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010268|Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 (GABRA2) ATGAAGACAAAATTGAACATCTACAACATGCAGTTCCTGCTTTTTGTTTTCTTGGTGTGG GACCCTGCCAGGTTGGTGCTGGCTAACATCCAAGAAGATGAGGCTAAAAATAACATTACC ATCTTTACGAGAATTCTTGACAGACTTCTGGATGGTTACGATAATCGGCTTAGACCAGGA CTGGGAGACAGTATTACTGAAGTCTTCACTAACATCTACGTGACCAGTTTTGGCCCTGTC TCAGATACAGATATGGAATATACAATTGATGTTTTCTTTCGACAAAAATGGAAAGATGAA CGTTTAAAATTTAAAGGTCCTATGAATATCCTTCGACTAAACAATTTAATGGCTAGCAAA ATCTGGACTCCAGATACCTTTTTTCACAATGGGAAAAAATCAGTAGCTCATAATATGACA ATGCCAAATAAGTTGCTTCGAATTCAGGATGATGGGACTCTGCTGTATACCATGAGGCTT ACAGTTCAAGCTGAATGCCCAATGCACTTGGAGGATTTCCCAATGGATGCTCATTCATGT CCTCTGAAATTTGGCAGCTATGCATATACAACTTCAGAGGTCACTTATATTTGGACTTAC AATGCATCTGATTCAGTACAGGTTGCTCCTGATGGCTCTAGGTTAAATCAATATGACCTG CTGGGCCAATCAATCGGAAAGGAGACAATTAAATCCAGTACAGGTGAATATACTGTAATG ACAGCTCATTTCCACCTGAAAAGAAAAATTGGGTATTTTGTGATTCAAACCTATCTGCCT TGCATCATGACTGTCATTCTCTCCCAAGTTTCATTCTGGCTTAACAGAGAATCTGTGCCT GCAAGAACTGTGTTTGGAGTAACAACTGTCCTAACAATGACAACTCTAAGCATCAGTGCT CGGAATTCTCTCCCCAAAGTGGCTTATGCAACTGCCATGGACTGGTTTATTGCTGTTTGT TATGCATTTGTGTTCTCTGCCCTAATTGAATTTGCAACTGTTAATTACTTCACCAAAAGA GGATGGGCTTGGGATGGGAAGAGTGTAGTAAATGACAAGAAAAAAGAAAAGGCTTCCGTT ATGATACAGAACAACGCTTATGCAGTGGCTGTTGCCAATTATGCCCCGAATCTTTCAAAA GATCCAGTTCTCTCCACCATCTCCAAGAGTGCAACCACGCCAGAACCCAACAAGAAGCCA GAAAACAAGCCAGCTGAAGCAAAGAAAACTTTCAACAGTGTTAGCAAAATTGACAGAATG TCCAGAATAGTTTTTCCAGTTTTGTTTGGTACCTTTAATTTAGTTTACTGGGCTACATAT TTAAACAGAGAACCTGTATTAGGGGTCAGTCCTTGA
- Chromosome Location
- 4
- Locus
- 4p12
- External Identifiers
Resource Link UniProtKB ID P47869 UniProtKB Entry Name GBRA2_HUMAN GenBank Protein ID 386422 GenBank Gene ID S62907 GeneCard ID GABRA2 GenAtlas ID GABRA2 HGNC ID HGNC:4076 KEGG ID hsa:2555 IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID 405 NCBI Gene ID 2555 - General References
- Hadingham KL, Wingrove P, Le Bourdelles B, Palmer KJ, Ragan CI, Whiting PJ: Cloning of cDNA sequences encoding human alpha 2 and alpha 3 gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits and characterization of the benzodiazepine pharmacology of recombinant alpha 1-, alpha 2-, alpha 3-, and alpha 5-containing human gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):970-5. [Article]
- Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [Article]
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
- Edenberg HJ, Dick DM, Xuei X, Tian H, Almasy L, Bauer LO, Crowe RR, Goate A, Hesselbrock V, Jones K, Kwon J, Li TK, Nurnberger JI Jr, O'Connor SJ, Reich T, Rice J, Schuckit MA, Porjesz B, Foroud T, Begleiter H: Variations in GABRA2, encoding the alpha 2 subunit of the GABA(A) receptor, are associated with alcohol dependence and with brain oscillations. Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Apr;74(4):705-14. Epub 2004 Mar 12. [Article]
Associated Data
- Bio-Entities
Bio-Entity Type Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 (Humans) protein primaryGABA(A) Receptor (Humans) protein GABA(A) Receptor Benzodiazepine Binding Site (Humans) protein - Drug Relations
Drug Drug group Pharmacological action? Type Actions Details Fludiazepam experimental, illicit yes target potentiator Details Meprobamate approved, illicit yes target agonist Details Pagoclone investigational unknown target Details Zolpidem approved unknown target agonist Details Eszopiclone approved, investigational unknown target agonist Details Zopiclone approved yes target potentiator Details Amobarbital approved, illicit yes target potentiator Details Pentobarbital approved, investigational, vet_approved yes target potentiator Details Butalbital approved, illicit yes target potentiator Details Talbutal approved, illicit yes target potentiator Details Secobarbital approved, vet_approved yes target potentiator Details Metharbital withdrawn yes target potentiator Details Thiopental approved, vet_approved yes target potentiator Details Primidone approved, vet_approved yes target potentiator Details Methylphenobarbital approved yes target potentiator Details Aprobarbital experimental, illicit yes target potentiator Details Butobarbital approved, illicit yes target potentiator Details Heptabarbital experimental yes target potentiator Details Hexobarbital experimental yes target potentiator Details Barbital illicit yes target potentiator Details Dihydro-2-thioxo-5-((5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-furanyl)methyl)-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione experimental, illicit yes target potentiator Details Quinidine barbiturate approved yes target potentiator Details Ethanol approved unknown target Details AZD-7325 investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details MRK-409 experimental yes target modulator Details gamma-Aminobutyric acid approved, investigational yes target inhibitor Details Flumazenil approved yes target allosteric modulator Details Desflurane approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Alprazolam approved, illicit, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Butabarbital approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Chlordiazepoxide approved, illicit, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Clobazam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Clonazepam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Clorazepic acid approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Lorazepam approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Ethchlorvynol approved, illicit, withdrawn yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Enflurane approved, investigational, vet_approved yes target potentiator Details Temazepam approved, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Butalbital approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Etomidate approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Talbutal approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Pentobarbital approved, investigational, vet_approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Meprobamate approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Eszopiclone approved, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Metharbital withdrawn yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Isoflurane approved, vet_approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Primidone approved, vet_approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Halazepam approved, illicit, withdrawn yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Propofol approved, investigational, vet_approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Diazepam approved, illicit, investigational, vet_approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Oxazepam approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Methoxyflurane approved, investigational, vet_approved, withdrawn yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Methyprylon approved, illicit, withdrawn yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Halothane approved, vet_approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Flumazenil approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Estazolam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Sevoflurane approved, vet_approved yes target agonist Details Glutethimide approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Prazepam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Quazepam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Amoxapine approved unknown target binder Details Prasterone approved, investigational, nutraceutical unknown target antagonist Details Thiocolchicoside experimental yes target antagonist Details Stiripentol approved yes target agonistpositive allosteric modulator Details Taurine approved, nutraceutical yes target agonist Details Lamotrigine approved, investigational unknown target antagonistinducer Details Apalutamide approved, investigational no target antagonist Details Brexanolone approved, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Memantine approved, investigational unknown target binder Details Medroxyprogesterone acetate approved, investigational unknown target inhibitor Details Phenytoin approved, vet_approved unknown target Details Midazolam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Flurazepam approved, illicit, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Triazolam approved, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Bromazepam approved, illicit, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Nitrazepam approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Camazepam experimental, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Delorazepam experimental, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Flunitrazepam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Etizolam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Medazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Doxefazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Lormetazepam approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Nordazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Adinazolam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Ethyl loflazepate experimental, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Cloxazolam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Clotiazepam approved, illicit yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Ketazolam approved yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Cinolazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Brotizolam investigational, withdrawn yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Pinazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Loprazolam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Oxazepam acetate experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details 1,2-Benzodiazepine approved, investigational unknown target positive allosteric modulator Details Cinazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Bentazepam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Mexazolam experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Remimazolam approved, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Ganaxolone approved, investigational yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Zuranolone approved, experimental yes target positive allosteric modulator Details Adipiplon investigational yes target partial agonist Details 5,7,2′-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyflavone experimental unknown target ligand Details Lamotrigine approved, investigational unknown target inhibitor Details Olanzapine approved, investigational no target inhibitor Details Mexazolam experimental yes target ligand Details Oxazepam approved yes target ligand Details Alprazolam approved, illicit, investigational yes target ligand Details Lorazepam approved yes target ligand Details Temazepam approved, investigational unknown target ligand Details Chlordiazepoxide approved, illicit, investigational yes target ligand Details Clorazepic acid approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Midazolam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Flurazepam approved, illicit, investigational yes target ligand Details Diazepam approved, illicit, investigational, vet_approved yes target ligand Details Triazolam approved, investigational yes target ligand Details Clonazepam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Estazolam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Bromazepam approved, illicit, investigational yes target ligand Details Nitrazepam approved yes target ligand Details Clobazam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Camazepam experimental, illicit yes target ligand Details Delorazepam experimental, illicit yes target ligand Details Flunitrazepam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Prazepam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Etizolam experimental yes target ligand Details Medazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Doxefazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Lormetazepam approved yes target ligand Details Nordazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Adinazolam experimental yes target ligand Details Halazepam approved, illicit, withdrawn unknown target ligand Details Ethyl loflazepate experimental, illicit yes target ligand Details Cloxazolam experimental yes target ligand Details Clotiazepam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Ketazolam approved yes target ligand Details Cinolazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Brotizolam investigational, withdrawn yes target ligand Details Pinazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Loprazolam experimental unknown target ligand Details Quazepam approved, illicit yes target ligand Details Oxazepam acetate experimental yes target ligand Details 1,2-Benzodiazepine approved, investigational unknown target ligand Details Cinazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Bentazepam experimental yes target ligand Details Remimazolam approved, investigational yes target ligand Details Zonisamide approved, investigational unknown target binder Details