Glycine receptor subunit beta

Details

Name

Glycine receptor subunit beta

Synonyms

• Glycine receptor 58 kDa subunit

Gene Name

GLRB

UniProtKB Entry

P48167Swiss-Prot

Organism

Humans

NCBI Taxonomy ID

9606

Amino acid sequence

>lcl|BSEQ0000110|Glycine receptor subunit beta
MKFLLTTAFLILISLWVEEAYSKEKSSKKGKGKKKQYLCPSQQSAEDLARVPANSTSNIL
NRLLVSYDPRIRPNFKGIPVDVVVNIFINSFGSIQETTMDYRVNIFLRQKWNDPRLKLPS
DFRGSDALTVDPTMYKCLWKPDLFFANEKSANFHDVTQENILLFIFRDGDVLVSMRLSIT
LSCPLDLTLFPMDTQRCKMQLESFGYTTDDLRFIWQSGDPVQLEKIALPQFDIKKEDIEY
GNCTKYYKGTGYYTCVEVIFTLRRQVGFYMMGVYAPTLLIVVLSWLSFWINPDASAARVP
LGIFSVLSLASECTTLAAELPKVSYVKALDVWLIACLLFGFASLVEYAVVQVMLNNPKRV
EAEKARIAKAEQADGKGGNVAKKNTVNGTGTPVHISTLQVGETRCKKVCTSKSDLRSNDF
SIVGSLPRDFELSNYDCYGKPIEVNNGLGKSQAKNNKKPPPAKPVIPTAAKRIDLYARAL
FPFCFLFFNVIYWSIYL

Number of residues

497

Molecular Weight

56121.62

Theoretical pI

9.11

GO Classification

Functions

glycine binding

Processes

acrosome reaction / adult walking behavior / chloride transmembrane transport / gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor clustering / nervous system development / neuropeptide signaling pathway / righting reflex / startle response / synaptic transmission, glycinergic / visual perception

Components

neuron projection / plasma membrane / postsynaptic membrane / synapse

General Function

Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. GLRB does not form ligand-gated ion channels by itself, but is part of heteromeric ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine (PubMed:11929858, PubMed:15302677, PubMed:16144831, PubMed:22715885, PubMed:23238346, PubMed:25445488, PubMed:34473954, PubMed:8717357). Heteropentameric channels composed of GLRB and GLRA1 are activated by lower glycine levels than homopentameric GLRA1 (PubMed:8717357). Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability (PubMed:11929858, PubMed:23238346). Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (PubMed:25445488)

Specific Function

Extracellularly glycine-gated chloride channel activity

Pfam Domain Function

• Neur_chan_LBD (PF02931)
• Neur_chan_memb (PF02932)

Signal Regions

1-22

Transmembrane Regions

269-290 296-316 328-348 476-496

Cellular Location

Postsynaptic cell membrane

Gene sequence

>lcl|BSEQ0020445|Glycine receptor subunit beta (GLRB)
ATGAAGTTTTTATTGACAACTGCCTTTTTAATTTTAATTTCCTTGTGGGTGGAAGAAGCC
TATTCTAAGGAAAAGTCTTCAAAGAAAGGGAAGGGGAAAAAGAAGCAGTATCTATGCCCA
TCTCAGCAGTCAGCAGAGGACCTTGCCCGAGTACCTGCCAACTCCACTAGCAATATCTTG
AACAGGTTATTGGTCAGTTATGATCCCAGGATAAGACCAAACTTCAAAGGCATTCCTGTT
GATGTAGTAGTCAACATTTTTATTAACAGTTTTGGATCCATTCAAGAAACAACAATGGAC
TATAGAGTTAACATCTTCCTGAGACAAAAATGGAATGACCCCAGGCTGAAGCTCCCCAGT
GATTTTAGGGGTTCAGATGCACTGACAGTGGATCCAACAATGTACAAGTGTTTATGGAAA
CCTGATTTATTTTTTGCAAATGAAAAAAGTGCCAATTTTCATGATGTGACCCAGGAAAAC
ATCCTCCTCTTTATTTTTCGTGATGGAGATGTCCTTGTCAGCATGAGGTTATCTATTACT
CTTTCATGCCCTTTGGACTTGACATTGTTTCCCATGGATACACAACGTTGCAAGATGCAA
CTGGAGAGCTTTGGTTACACAACTGATGATTTACGATTTATCTGGCAGTCAGGAGATCCT
GTGCAATTAGAAAAAATTGCCTTGCCTCAATTTGATATCAAAAAGGAAGATATTGAATAT
GGTAACTGTACAAAATACTATAAAGGCACGGGCTACTACACATGCGTGGAAGTCATCTTC
ACCCTGAGGAGGCAGGTCGGCTTTTACATGATGGGGGTCTACGCCCCAACCCTGCTCATT
GTTGTTCTCTCCTGGCTTTCCTTCTGGATCAACCCGGACGCGAGTGCTGCCAGAGTGCCC
CTGGGTATCTTCTCAGTCCTCAGCTTGGCCTCTGAGTGCACAACCCTTGCCGCTGAGCTT
CCCAAAGTTTCCTATGTGAAGGCTCTTGATGTTTGGCTTATTGCTTGCCTTCTCTTTGGG
TTTGCTTCCCTGGTGGAGTATGCAGTTGTCCAGGTGATGCTGAACAACCCCAAAAGGGTT
GAAGCTGAAAAAGCCAGAATTGCTAAGGCTGAGCAAGCAGATGGAAAAGGTGGAAATGTG
GCTAAAAAGAATACTGTGAATGGAACAGGGACTCCTGTTCATATTAGCACTTTGCAGGTT
GGTGAGACCAGATGCAAAAAAGTTTGTACTTCTAAGTCTGATCTGAGATCTAATGACTTC
AGCATTGTTGGAAGCTTACCAAGAGATTTTGAACTATCCAATTATGACTGCTATGGAAAA
CCCATTGAAGTTAACAACGGACTTGGGAAATCTCAGGCTAAGAACAACAAGAAGCCTCCC
CCTGCGAAACCTGTTATTCCAACAGCAGCAAAGCGAATTGATCTTTATGCAAGAGCATTG
TTTCCTTTCTGCTTCTTGTTCTTCAATGTTATATATTGGTCTATATATTTATGA

Chromosome Location

4

Locus

4q32.1

External Identifiers

Resource	Link
UniProtKB ID	P48167
UniProtKB Entry Name	GLRB_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID	992687
GenBank Gene ID	U33267
GeneCard ID	GLRB
GenAtlas ID	GLRB
HGNC ID	HGNC:4329
PDB ID(s)	5BKF, 5BKG, 7KUY, 7L31, 8DN2, 8DN3, 8DN4, 8DN5
KEGG ID	hsa:2743
IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID	427
NCBI Gene ID	2743

General References

1. Handford CA, Lynch JW, Baker E, Webb GC, Ford JH, Sutherland GR, Schofield PR: The human glycine receptor beta subunit: primary structure, functional characterisation and chromosomal localisation of the human and murine genes. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1996 Jan;35(1-2):211-9. [Article]
2. Milani N, Mulhardt C, Weber RG, Lichter P, Kioschis P, Poustka A, Becker CM: The human glycine receptor beta subunit gene (GLRB): structure, refined chromosomal localization, and population polymorphism. Genomics. 1998 Jun 15;50(3):341-5. [Article]
3. Jin P, Fu GK, Wilson AD, Yang J, Chien D, Hawkins PR, Au-Young J, Stuve LL: PCR isolation and cloning of novel splice variant mRNAs from known drug target genes. Genomics. 2004 Apr;83(4):566-71. [Article]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
5. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [Article]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
7. Durisic N, Godin AG, Wever CM, Heyes CD, Lakadamyali M, Dent JA: Stoichiometry of the human glycine receptor revealed by direct subunit counting. J Neurosci. 2012 Sep 12;32(37):12915-20. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2050-12.2012. [Article]
8. Rees MI, Lewis TM, Kwok JB, Mortier GR, Govaert P, Snell RG, Schofield PR, Owen MJ: Hyperekplexia associated with compound heterozygote mutations in the beta-subunit of the human inhibitory glycine receptor (GLRB). Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Apr 1;11(7):853-60. [Article]
9. Al-Owain M, Colak D, Al-Bakheet A, Al-Hashmi N, Shuaib T, Al-Hemidan A, Aldhalaan H, Rahbeeni Z, Al-Sayed M, Al-Younes B, Ozand PT, Kaya N: Novel mutation in GLRB in a large family with hereditary hyperekplexia. Clin Genet. 2012 May;81(5):479-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01661.x. Epub 2011 Apr 7. [Article]

Associated Data

Bio-Entities

Bio-Entity	Type
Glycine receptor subunit beta (Humans)	protein primary
Glycine receptor (alpha-1/beta) (Humans)	protein
Glycine receptors (Humans)	protein

Drug Relations

Drug	Drug group	Pharmacological action?	Type	Actions	Details
Glycine	approved, nutraceutical, vet_approved	unknown	target	ligand	Details
Lindane	approved, withdrawn	unknown	target	antagonist	Details
Taurine	approved, nutraceutical	yes	target	agonist	Details
Strychnine	experimental	yes	target	antagonist	Details
Ginkgolide A	nutraceutical	yes	target	inhibitor	Details
Gavestinel	investigational	yes	target	modulator	Details
Thiocolchicoside	experimental	yes	target	inhibitor	Details
Seletracetam	investigational	unknown	target	binding	Details
Cannabidiol	approved, investigational	unknown	target	allosteric modulator	Details
Nabiximols	investigational	unknown	target		Details
Medical Cannabis	experimental, investigational	unknown	target		Details