Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4

Details

Name
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4
Kind
protein
Synonyms
  • ENT4
  • hENT4
  • Plasma membrane monoamine transporter
  • PMAT
  • Solute carrier family 29 member 4
Gene Name
SLC29A4
UniProtKB Entry
Q7RTT9Swiss-Prot
Organism
Humans
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0008624|Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4
MGSVGSQRLEEPSVAGTPDPGVVMSFTFDSHQLEEAAEAAQGQGLRARGVPAFTDTTLDE
PVPDDRYHAIYFAMLLAGVGFLLPYNSFITDVDYLHHKYPGTSIVFDMSLTYILVALAAV
LLNNVLVERLTLHTRITAGYLLALGPLLFISICDVWLQLFSRDQAYAINLAAVGTVAFGC
TVQQSSFYGYTGMLPKRYTQGVMTGESTAGVMISLSRILTKLLLPDERASTLIFFLVSVA
LELLCFLLHLLVRRSRFVLFYTTRPRDSHRGRPGLGRGYGYRVHHDVVAGDVHFEHPAPA
LAPNESPKDSPAHEVTGSGGAYMRFDVPRPRVQRSWPTFRALLLHRYVVARVIWADMLSI
AVTYFITLCLFPGLESEIRHCILGEWLPILIMAVFNLSDFVGKILAALPVDWRGTHLLAC
SCLRVVFIPLFILCVYPSGMPALRHPAWPCIFSLLMGISNGYFGSVPMILAAGKVSPKQR
ELAGNTMTVSYMSGLTLGSAVAYCTYSLTRDAHGSCLHASTANGSILAGL
Number of residues
530
Molecular Weight
58058.005
Theoretical pI
Not Available
GO Classification
Functions
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity / nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
Components
apical plasma membrane / plasma membrane
General Function
Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of endogenous bioactive amines, cationic xenobiotics and drugs (PubMed:15448143, PubMed:16099839, PubMed:16873718, PubMed:17018840, PubMed:17121826, PubMed:20592246, PubMed:20858707, PubMed:22396231, PubMed:31537831). Utilizes the physiologic inside-negative membrane potential as a driving force to facilitate cellular uptake of organic cations (PubMed:15448143, PubMed:20592246, PubMed:22396231). Functions as a Na(+)- and Cl(-)-independent bidirectional transporter (PubMed:15448143, PubMed:16099839, PubMed:22396231, PubMed:31537831). Substrate transport is pH-dependent and enhanced under acidic condition, which is most likely the result of allosteric changes in the transporter structure (PubMed:16873718, PubMed:17018840, PubMed:20592246, PubMed:22396231, PubMed:31537831). Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, histamine and tyramine, thereby supporting a role in homeostatic regulation of aminergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system (PubMed:15448143, PubMed:16099839, PubMed:17018840, PubMed:17121826, PubMed:20858707, PubMed:22396231). Also responsible for the uptake of bioactive amines and drugs through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, from the CSF into choroid plexus epithelial cells, thereby playing a significant role in the clearance of cationic neurotoxins, xenobiotics and metabolic waste in the brain (By similarity). Involved in bidirectional transport of the purine nucleoside adenosine and plays a role in the regulation of extracellular adenosine concentrations in cardiac tissues, in particular during ischemia (PubMed:16873718, PubMed:20592246, PubMed:31537831). May be involved in organic cation uptake from the tubular lumen into renal tubular cells, thereby contributing to organic cation reabsorption in the kidney (PubMed:17018840). Also transports guanidine (PubMed:16099839)
Specific Function
Efflux transmembrane transporter activity
Pfam Domain Function
Signal Regions
Not Available
Transmembrane Regions
69-89 102-122 140-160 167-187 232-252 352-372 382-402 417-437 451-471 487-509
Cellular Location
Cell membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0013311|Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4 (SLC29A4)
ATGGGCTCCGTGGGGAGCCAGCGCCTTGAGGAGCCCAGCGTGGCAGGCACACCAGACCCG
GGCGTAGTGATGAGCTTCACCTTCGACAGTCACCAGCTGGAGGAGGCGGCGGAGGCGGCT
CAGGGCCAGGGCCTTAGGGCCAGGGGCGTCCCAGCTTTCACGGATACTACATTGGACGAG
CCAGTGCCCGATGACCGTTATCACGCCATCTACTTTGCGATGCTGCTGGCTGGCGTGGGC
TTCCTGCTGCCATACAACAGCTTCATCACGGACGTGGACTACCTGCATCACAAGTACCCA
GGGACCTCCATCGTGTTTGACATGAGCCTCACCTACATCTTGGTGGCACTGGCAGCTGTC
CTCCTGAACAACGTCCTGGTGGAGAGACTGACCCTGCACACCAGGATCACCGCAGGCTAC
CTCTTAGCCTTGGGCCCTCTCCTTTTTATCAGCATCTGCGACGTGTGGCTGCAGCTCTTC
TCTCGGGACCAGGCCTACGCCATCAACCTGGCCGCTGTGGGCACCGTGGCCTTCGGCTGC
ACAGTGCAGCAATCCAGCTTCTACGGGTACACGGGGATGCTGCCCAAGCGGTACACGCAG
GGGGTGATGACCGGGGAGAGCACGGCGGGCGTGATGATCTCTCTGAGCCGCATCCTCACG
AAGCTGCTGCTGCCCGACGAGCGCGCCAGCACGCTCATCTTCTTCCTGGTGTCGGTGGCG
CTGGAGCTGCTGTGTTTCCTGCTGCACCTGTTAGTGCGGCGCAGCCGCTTCGTGCTCTTC
TATACCACACGGCCGCGTGACAGCCACCGGGGCAGGCCAGGCCTGGGCAGGGGCTATGGC
TACCGCGTGCACCACGACGTTGTCGCCGGGGACGTCCACTTCGAGCACCCAGCCCCGGCC
CTGGCCCCCAACGAGTCCCCAAAGGACAGCCCAGCCCACGAGGTGACCGGCAGCGGCGGG
GCCTACATGCGCTTTGATGTGCCGCGGCCAAGGGTCCAGCGCAGCTGGCCCACCTTCAGA
GCCCTGTTACTGCACCGCTACGTGGTGGCGCGGGTGATCTGGGCCGACATGCTCTCCATC
GCCGTGACCTACTTCATCACGCTGTGCCTGTTCCCCGGCCTCGAGTCTGAGATCCGCCAC
TGCATCCTGGGCGAGTGGCTGCCCATCCTCATCATGGCTGTGTTCAACCTGTCAGACTTC
GTGGGCAAGATCCTGGCAGCCCTGCCCGTGGACTGGCGGGGCACCCACCTGCTGGCCTGC
TCCTGCCTGCGTGTGGTCTTCATCCCCCTCTTCATCCTGTGCGTCTACCCCAGCGGCATG
CCCGCCCTCCGTCACCCCGCCTGGCCCTGCATCTTCTCACTGCTCATGGGCATCAGCAAC
GGCTACTTCGGCAGCGTGCCCATGATCCTGGCGGCAGGCAAAGTGAGCCCCAAGCAGCGG
GAGCTGGCAGGGAACACCATGACCGTGTCCTACATGTCAGGGCTGACGCTGGGGTCCGCC
GTGGCCTACTGCACCTACAGCCTCACCCGCGACGCTCACGGCAGCTGCCTGCACGCCTCC
ACCGCCAATGGTTCCATCCTCGCAGGCCTCTGA
Chromosome Location
7
Locus
7p22.1
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDQ7RTT9
UniProtKB Entry NameS29A4_HUMAN
GeneCard IDSLC29A4
HGNC IDHGNC:23097
KEGG IDhsa:222962
IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID1120
NCBI Gene ID222962
General References
  1. Engel K, Zhou M, Wang J: Identification and characterization of a novel monoamine transporter in the human brain. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 26;279(48):50042-9. Epub 2004 Sep 23. [Article]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  4. Acimovic Y, Coe IR: Molecular evolution of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter family: identification of novel family members in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Dec;19(12):2199-210. [Article]
  5. Barnes K, Dobrzynski H, Foppolo S, Beal PR, Ismat F, Scullion ER, Sun L, Tellez J, Ritzel MW, Claycomb WC, Cass CE, Young JD, Billeter-Clark R, Boyett MR, Baldwin SA: Distribution and functional characterization of equilibrative nucleoside transporter-4, a novel cardiac adenosine transporter activated at acidic pH. Circ Res. 2006 Sep 1;99(5):510-9. Epub 2006 Jul 27. [Article]
  6. Xia L, Engel K, Zhou M, Wang J: Membrane localization and pH-dependent transport of a newly cloned organic cation transporter (PMAT) in kidney cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 Feb;292(2):F682-90. Epub 2006 Oct 3. [Article]
  7. Zhou M, Xia L, Engel K, Wang J: Molecular determinants of substrate selectivity of a novel organic cation transporter (PMAT) in the SLC29 family. J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 2;282(5):3188-95. Epub 2006 Nov 22. [Article]
  8. Bottalico B, Noskova V, Pilka R, Larsson I, Domanski H, Casslen B, Hansson SR: The organic cation transporters (OCT1, OCT2, EMT) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) show differential distribution and cyclic expression pattern in human endometrium and early pregnancy decidua. Mol Reprod Dev. 2007 Oct;74(10):1303-11. [Article]

Associated Data

Drug Relations
DrugDrug groupPharmacological action?TypeActionsDetails
MetforminapprovedunknowntransportersubstrateDetails
SertralineapprovedunknowntargetDetails
Adenosineapproved, investigationalunknowntransportersubstrateDetails