Identification
- Generic Name
- Keyhole limpet hemocyanin
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB05299
- Background
Keyhole limpet hemocyanin is an immune modulator, given as a vaccine to help the body respond to cancer. A natural protein isolated from the marine mollusc keyhole limpet. Keyhole limpet hemocyanin is an immunogenic carrier protein that, in vivo, increases antigenic immune responses to haptens and other weak antigens such as idiotype proteins.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Biologic Classification
- Protein Based Therapies
Other protein based therapies - Protein Chemical Formula
- Not Available
- Protein Average Weight
- Not Available
- Sequences
- Not Available
- Synonyms
- Not Available
Pharmacology
- Indication
Investigated for use/treatment in bladder cancer and solid tumors.
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Avoid life-threatening adverse drug eventsImprove clinical decision support with information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events & improve clinical decision support.- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) is generally a very efficient coupling agent. It is the most common carrier protein used in the preparation of hapten conjugates. KLH is composed of five subunits. It is lysine rich with a large number of available primary amines to facilitate conjugation, antibody production and promote peptide attachment after dissociation.
Target Actions Organism UInterleukin-2 Not Available Humans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates.Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- Not Available
- Kingdom
- Organic Compounds
- Super Class
- Organic Acids
- Class
- Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
- Direct Parent
- Peptides
- Alternative Parents
- Not Available
- Substituents
- Not Available
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- FV4Y0JO2CX
- CAS number
- Not Available
References
- General References
- McFadden DW, Riggs DR, Jackson BJ, Ng A, Cunningham C: Keyhole limpet hemocyanin potentiates standard immunotherapy for melanoma. Am J Surg. 2007 Feb;193(2):284-7. [Article]
- External Links
- PubChem Substance
- 347910062
- Wikipedia
- Keyhole_limpet_hemocyanin
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Not Available Multiple Sclerosis 1 4 Unknown Status Treatment Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections 1 3 Completed Treatment Bladder Cancer 1 3 Completed Treatment Breast Cancer 1 3 Recruiting Treatment Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS) 1 3 Unknown Status Treatment Lymphoma 1 2 Completed Treatment Lung Cancer 1 2 Completed Treatment Lymphoma 2 2 Completed Treatment Refractory Plasma Cell Neoplasm / Stage 3 Multiple Myeloma (MM) / Stage II Multiple Myeloma 1 2 Completed Treatment Rheumatoid Arthritis 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Kinase activator activity
- Specific Function
- Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimu...
- Gene Name
- IL2
- Uniprot ID
- P60568
- Uniprot Name
- Interleukin-2
- Molecular Weight
- 17627.52 Da
Drug created at November 18, 2007 18:23 / Updated at February 18, 2021 21:13