Smilagenin

This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.

Identification

Generic Name
Smilagenin
DrugBank Accession Number
DB05450
Background

Smilagenin is a novel non-peptide, orally bioavailable neurotrophic factor inducer that readily reverses free radical neurotoxicity produced by 1-ethyl-4- phenylpyridium (MPP+) in dopaminergic neurones and reverses the decrease of neuronal growth factors and dopamine receptors in the brain. Pre-clinical work with smilagenin showed it to be neuroprotective against betya-amyloid and glutamate damage which contributes to Alzheimer's disease and reverses the changes in the area of the brain involved in Parkinson’s disease.

P58 is a protein synthesis stimulant acts by restoring levels of proteins that are altered in the ageing brain, reversing the loss of nerve receptors in the ageing brain and potentially allowing for the regrowth of neural connections. P58 therefore provides a totally novel mode of action with potential importance for diseases associated with ageing of the brain. P58 is one of a family of phytochemicals isolated from traditional treatments for the elderly that have previously been shown to offer significant benefit in the treatment of senile dementia.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 416.6365
Monoisotopic: 416.329045274
Chemical Formula
C27H44O3
Synonyms
  • (25R)-5beta-Spirostan-3beta-ol
  • (25R)-Spirostan-3beta-ol
  • Isosarsapogenin
  • Smilagenin
External IDs
  • PYM 50028
  • PYM-50028
  • PYM50028

Pharmacology

Indication

Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.

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Pharmacodynamics

Smilagenin is a novel non-peptide, orally bioavailable neurotrophic factor inducer that readily reverses free radical neurotoxicity produced by 1-ethyl-4- phenylpyridium (MPP+) in dopaminergic neurones and reverses the decrease of neuronal growth factors and dopamine receptors in the brain.

P58 is a protein synthesis stimulant acts by restoring levels of proteins that are altered in the ageing brain, reversing the loss of nerve receptors in the ageing brain and potentially allowing for the regrowth of neural connections. P58 therefore provides a totally novel mode of action with potential importance for diseases associated with ageing of the brain. P58 is one of a family of phytochemicals isolated from traditional treatments for the elderly that have previously been shown to offer significant benefit in the treatment of senile dementia.

Mechanism of action

Smilagenin is a novel non-peptide, orally bioavailable neurotrophic factor inducer that readily reverses free radical neurotoxicity produced by 1-ethyl-4- phenylpyridium (MPP+) in dopaminergic neurones and reverses the decrease of neuronal growth factors and dopamine receptors in the brain.

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Trials showed that the drug has a good clinical safety profile and is well-tolerated.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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International/Other Brands
Cogane

Categories

Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
GQE3Q7YMVZ
CAS number
126-18-1
InChI Key
GMBQZIIUCVWOCD-UQHLGXRBSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C27H44O3/c1-16-7-12-27(29-15-16)17(2)24-23(30-27)14-22-20-6-5-18-13-19(28)8-10-25(18,3)21(20)9-11-26(22,24)4/h16-24,28H,5-15H2,1-4H3/t16-,17+,18-,19+,20-,21+,22+,23+,24+,25+,26+,27-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(1'R,2R,2'S,4'S,5R,7'S,8'R,9'S,12'S,13'S,16'S,18'R)-5,7',9',13'-tetramethyl-5'-oxaspiro[oxane-2,6'-pentacyclo[10.8.0.0^{2,9}.0^{4,8}.0^{13,18}]icosan]-16'-ol
SMILES
[H][C@]12C[C@@]3([H])[C@]4([H])CC[C@]5([H])C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@@]4([H])CC[C@]3(C)[C@@]1([H])[C@H](C)[C@@]1(CC[C@@H](C)CO1)O2

References

General References
  1. Harvey A: Natural Products in Drug Discovery and Development. 27-28 June 2005, London, UK. IDrugs. 2005 Sep;8(9):719-21. [Article]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0030048
KEGG Compound
C08913
PubChem Substance
347910146
ChemSpider
82568
ChEBI
28933
ZINC
ZINC000008234226

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
2CompletedTreatmentAlzheimer's Disease (AD)1
2CompletedTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)1
1CompletedTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility3.28e-05 mg/mLALOGPS
logP4.52ALOGPS
logP5.33Chemaxon
logS-7.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)18.3Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area38.69 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count0Chemaxon
Refractivity119.42 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability51.43 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings6Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0pbi-2129100000-ce00917c9402bf19f2cb
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-014j-0036900000-92b0ebdd8b55ceca72c1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0001900000-12c2c7cc5925d8da3f85
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00fs-0293200000-c59623643a2d16cce696
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0002900000-51ef710c395a47c966fa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00b9-0791000000-b189fb0470131a90a144
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-05mk-0109300000-170318c05fe7c5b6eef8
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-218.2906527
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-215.7420527
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-187.82051
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+218.9801527
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+214.8320527
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+190.02301
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+218.4829527
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+215.4560527
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+195.93553
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Drug created at November 18, 2007 18:25 / Updated at February 21, 2021 18:51