Immunoglobulin and T Cell Receptor Genes: IMGT((R)) and the Birth and Rise of Immunoinformatics.

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Citation

Lefranc MP

Immunoglobulin and T Cell Receptor Genes: IMGT((R)) and the Birth and Rise of Immunoinformatics.

Front Immunol. 2014 Feb 5;5:22. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00022. eCollection 2014.

PubMed ID
24600447 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

IMGT((R)), the international ImMunoGeneTics information system((R)) (1), (CNRS and Universite Montpellier 2) is the global reference in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics. By its creation in 1989, IMGT((R)) marked the advent of immunoinformatics, which emerged at the interface between immunogenetics and bioinformatics. IMGT((R)) is specialized in the immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, T cell receptors (TR), major histocompatibility (MH), and proteins of the IgSF and MhSF superfamilies. IMGT((R)) has been built on the IMGT-ONTOLOGY axioms and concepts, which bridged the gap between genes, sequences, and three-dimensional (3D) structures. The concepts include the IMGT((R)) standardized keywords (concepts of identification), IMGT((R)) standardized labels (concepts of description), IMGT((R)) standardized nomenclature (concepts of classification), IMGT unique numbering, and IMGT Colliers de Perles (concepts of numerotation). IMGT((R)) comprises seven databases, 15,000 pages of web resources, and 17 tools, and provides a high-quality and integrated system for the analysis of the genomic and expressed IG and TR repertoire of the adaptive immune responses. Tools and databases are used in basic, veterinary, and medical research, in clinical applications (mutation analysis in leukemia and lymphoma) and in antibody engineering and humanization. They include, for example IMGT/V-QUEST and IMGT/JunctionAnalysis for nucleotide sequence analysis and their high-throughput version IMGT/HighV-QUEST for next-generation sequencing (500,000 sequences per batch), IMGT/DomainGapAlign for amino acid sequence analysis of IG and TR variable and constant domains and of MH groove domains, IMGT/3Dstructure-DB for 3D structures, contact analysis and paratope/epitope interactions of IG/antigen and TR/peptide-MH complexes and IMGT/mAb-DB interface for therapeutic antibodies and fusion proteins for immune applications (FPIA).

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Polypeptides
NameUniProt ID
Immunoglobulin heavy variable 1-2P23083Details
Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3-30P01768Details
Immunoglobulin kappa variable 2D-28P01615Details
Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-17P01599Details
Immunoglobulin lambda variable 3-21P80748Details