Ticlopidine inhibits phenytoin clearance.

Article Details

Citation

Donahue S, Flockhart DA, Abernethy DR

Ticlopidine inhibits phenytoin clearance.

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Dec;66(6):563-8. doi: 10.1053/cp.1999.v66.103277001.

PubMed ID
10613611 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Because cases of phenytoin toxicity during concomitant ticlopidine therapy have been reported, we investigated the effects of multiple doses of ticlopidine on phenytoin pharmacokinetics in six patients receiving phenytoin monotherapy. Two steady-state dosing rate and serum phenytoin minimum concentration (Cmin) pairs were obtained for each patient administered oral phenytoin alone, then phenytoin plus 250 mg ticlopidine twice daily. All patients had serum Cmin ticlopidine values of 0.06 to 0.25 microg/mL when receiving ticlopidine. Individual pharmacokinetic parameters for phenytoin were calculated. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was determined as the slope and maximum velocity (Vmax; equivalent to the maximal rate of elimination or the maximum daily dose that can be metabolized) as the y-intercept of the linear Michaelis-Menten plot. Mean phenytoin Km significantly increased from 5.8 to 12.3 during ticlopidine coadministration compared with administration of phenytoin alone (P = .02). Mean phenytoin Vmax was not significantly changed by the coadministration of ticlopidine. These data indicate that ticlopidine inhibits the clearance and alters the clinical pharmacokinetics of phenytoin so that dosage adjustment of phenytoin should be considered when ticlopidine is coadministered. The results are consistent with previous human liver microsome findings that ticlopidine is a potent inhibitor of CYP2C19, a P450 isozyme that is significantly responsible for phenytoin metabolism.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Enzymes
DrugEnzymeKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
TiclopidineCytochrome P450 2C19ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Inhibitor
Details
Drug Interactions
DrugsInteraction
Fosphenytoin
Ticlopidine
The serum concentration of Fosphenytoin can be decreased when it is combined with Ticlopidine.
Phenytoin
Ticlopidine
The serum concentration of Phenytoin can be decreased when it is combined with Ticlopidine.