A comparative study of uracil-DNA glycosylases from human and herpes simplex virus type 1.
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Krusong K, Carpenter EP, Bellamy SR, Savva R, Baldwin GS
A comparative study of uracil-DNA glycosylases from human and herpes simplex virus type 1.
J Biol Chem. 2006 Feb 24;281(8):4983-92. Epub 2005 Nov 22.
- PubMed ID
- 16306042 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) is the key enzyme responsible for initiation of base excision repair. We have used both kinetic and binding assays for comparative analysis of UNG enzymes from humans and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Steady-state fluorescence assays showed that hUNG has a much higher specificity constant (k(cat)/K(m)) compared with the viral enzyme due to a lower K(m). The binding of UNG to DNA was also studied using a catalytically inactive mutant of UNG and non-cleavable substrate analogs (2'-deoxypseudouridine and 2'-alpha-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine). Equilibrium DNA binding revealed that both human and HSV-1 UNG enzymes bind to abasic DNA and both substrate analogs more weakly than to uracil-containing DNA. Structure determination of HSV-1 D88N/H210N UNG in complex with uracil revealed detailed information on substrate binding. Together, these results suggest that a significant proportion of the binding energy is provided by specific interactions with the target uracil. The kinetic parameters for human UNG indicate that it is likely to have activity against both U.A and U.G mismatches in vivo. Weak binding to abasic DNA also suggests that UNG activity is unlikely to be coupled to the subsequent common steps of base excision repair.