Idursulfase

Identification

Summary

Idursulfase is a purified lysosomal enzyme used as a replacement therapy for Hunter syndrome in pediatric and adult patients.

Brand Names
Elaprase
Generic Name
Idursulfase
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01271
Background

Idursulfase is a purified form of human iduronate-2-sulfatase, a lysosomal enzyme. Idursulfase is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a human cell line. Idursulfase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate esters of terminal iduronate sulfate residues from the glycosaminoglycans dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in the lysosomes of various cell types. Idursulfase is a 525-amino acid glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 76 kilodaltons. The enzyme contains eight asparagine-linked glycosylation sites occupied by complex oligosaccharide structures. The enzyme activity of idursulfase is dependent on the post-translational modification of a specific cysteine to formylglycine.

Type
Biotech
Groups
Approved
Biologic Classification
Protein Based Therapies
Recombinant Enzymes
Protein Chemical Formula
C2654H4000N688O774S14
Protein Average Weight
76000.0 Da
Sequences
>Idursulfase heavy chain
SETQANSTTDALNVLLIIVDDLRPSLGCYGDKLVRSPNIDQLASHSLLFQNAFAQQAVCA
PSRVSFLTGRRPDTTRLYDFNSYWRVHAGNFSTIPQYFKENGYVTMSVGKVFHPGISSNH
TDDSPYSWSFPPYHPSSEKYENTKTCRGPDGELHANLLCPVDVLDVPEGTLPDKQSTEQA
IQLLEKMKTSASPFFLAVGYHKPHIPFRYPKEFQKLYPLENITLAPDPEVPDGLPPVAYN
PWMDIRQREDVQALNISVPYGPIPVDFQRKIRQSYFASVSYLDTQVGRLLSALDDLQLAN
STIIAFTSDHGWALGEHGEWAKYSNFDVATHVPLIFYVPGRTASLPEAGEKLFPYLDPFD
SASQLMEPGRQSMDLVELVSLFPTLAGLAGLQVPPRCPVPSFHVELCREGKNLLKHFRFR
DLEEDPYLPG
>Idursulfase light chain
NPRELIAYSQYPRPSDIPQWNSDKPSLKDIKIMGYSIRTIDYRYTVWVGFNPDEFLANFS
DIHAGELYFVDSDPLQDHNMYNDSQGGDLFQLLMP
Download FASTA Format
Synonyms
  • Alpha-L-iduronate sulfate sulfatase
  • Iduronate 2-sulfatase
  • Idursulfasa
  • Idursulfase

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment of Hunter syndrome in adults and children ages 5 and older.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Management ofMucopolysaccharidosis ii••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Idursulfase is a purified form of the lysosomal enzyme human iduronate-2-sulfatase of recombinant DNA origin. It is designed to replace the natural enzyme, increasing catabolism of certain accumulated glycosaminoglycans (GAG), which abnormally accumulate in multiple tissue types in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS-II, or Hunter syndrome).

Mechanism of action

Hunter's Syndrome is an X-linked recessive disease caused by insufficient levels of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase. This enzyme cleaves the terminal 2-O-sulfate moieties from the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. Due to the missing or defective iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme in patients with Hunter's Syndrome, GAG progressively accumulate in the lysosomes of a variety of cells, leading to cellular engorgement, organomegaly, tissue destruction and organ system dysfunction. Treatment of Hunter's Syndrome patients with idursulfase provides exogenous enzyme for uptake into cellular lysosomes. Targeting of idursulfase to the lysosome occurs by endocytosis from the cell surface. Mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) residues on the oligosaccharide chains allow specific binding of the enzymes to the M6P receptors on the cell surface, leading to cellular internalization of the enzyme, targeting to intracellular lysosomes and subsequent catabolism of accumulated GAG.

TargetActionsOrganism
ADermatan sulfateNot AvailableHumans
AHeparan sulfateNot AvailableHumans
NPerilipin-3Not AvailableHumans
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

44 ± 19 minutes

Clearance
  • 3 mL/min/kg [Patients (7.7 – 27 years) with Hunter syndrome with treatment week 1(0.5 mg/kg ELAPRASE administered weekly as a 3-hour infusion)]
  • 3.4 mL/min/kg [patients (7.7 – 27 years) with Hunter syndrome with treatment week 27 (0.5 mg/kg ELAPRASE administered weekly as a 3-hour infusion)]
Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

There is no experience with overdosage of Idursulfase in humans. Single intravenous doses of idursulfase up to 20 mg/kg were not lethal in male rats and cynomolgus monkeys (approximately 6.5 and 13 times, respectively, of the recommended human dose based on body surface area) and there were no clinical signs of toxicity.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
No interactions found.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
ElapraseInjection, solution, concentrate2 mg/mlIntravenousTakeda Pharmaceuticals International Ag Ireland Branch2021-02-11Not applicableEU flag
ElapraseSolution2 mg / mLIntravenousTakeda2007-08-01Not applicableCanada flag
ElapraseInjection, solution, concentrate2 mg/mlIntravenousTakeda Pharmaceuticals International Ag Ireland Branch2021-02-11Not applicableEU flag
ElapraseSolution, concentrate6 mg/3mLIntravenousTakeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.2006-07-24Not applicableUS flag
ElapraseInjection, solution, concentrate2 mg/mlIntravenousTakeda Pharmaceuticals International Ag Ireland Branch2021-02-11Not applicableEU flag

Categories

ATC Codes
A16AB09 — Idursulfase
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
Not Available
Kingdom
Organic Compounds
Super Class
Organic Acids
Class
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub Class
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct Parent
Peptides
Alternative Parents
Not Available
Substituents
Not Available
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
5W8JGG2651
CAS number
50936-59-9

References

General References
  1. Garcia AR, DaCosta JM, Pan J, Muenzer J, Lamsa JC: Preclinical dose ranging studies for enzyme replacement therapy with idursulfase in a knock-out mouse model of MPS II. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 Jun;91(2):183-90. Epub 2007 Apr 24. [Article]
  2. Zareba G: Idursulfase in Hunter syndrome treatment. Drugs Today (Barc). 2007 Nov;43(11):759-67. doi: 10.1358/dot.2007.43.11.1157619. [Article]
  3. Clarke LA: Idursulfase for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis II. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008 Feb;9(2):311-7. doi: 10.1517/14656566.9.2.311 . [Article]
  4. Burrow TA, Leslie ND: Review of the use of idursulfase in the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis II. Biologics. 2008 Jun;2(2):311-20. [Article]
  5. Scarpa M: Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II . [Article]
  6. Wraith JE, Scarpa M, Beck M, Bodamer OA, De Meirleir L, Guffon N, Meldgaard Lund A, Malm G, Van der Ploeg AT, Zeman J: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome): a clinical review and recommendations for treatment in the era of enzyme replacement therapy. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Mar;167(3):267-77. Epub 2007 Nov 23. [Article]
PubChem Substance
46507347
RxNav
644101
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1201826
PharmGKB
PA164749134
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Idursulfase

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
  • Baxter International Inc.
  • Shire Inc.
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
InjectionIntravenous
Injection, solution, concentrateIntravenous2 MG/ML
Injection, solution, concentrateIntravenous; Parenteral2 MG/ML
SolutionIntravenous2 mg / mL
Solution, concentrateIntravenous6 mg/3mL
SolutionIntravenous6.0 mg
SolutionIntravenous6 mg
Injection, solutionIntravenous
SolutionIntravenous6 mg/1vial
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Elaprase 6 mg/3 ml vial1051.28USD ml
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available

Targets

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Kind
Small molecule
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
References
  1. Burrow TA, Leslie ND: Review of the use of idursulfase in the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis II. Biologics. 2008 Jun;2(2):311-20. [Article]
  2. Wraith JE, Scarpa M, Beck M, Bodamer OA, De Meirleir L, Guffon N, Meldgaard Lund A, Malm G, Van der Ploeg AT, Zeman J: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome): a clinical review and recommendations for treatment in the era of enzyme replacement therapy. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Mar;167(3):267-77. Epub 2007 Nov 23. [Article]
  3. Garcia AR, Pan J, Lamsa JC, Muenzer J: The characterization of a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter syndrome). J Inherit Metab Dis. 2007 Nov;30(6):924-34. Epub 2007 Sep 16. [Article]
2. Heparan sulfate
Kind
Small molecule
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
References
  1. Burrow TA, Leslie ND: Review of the use of idursulfase in the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis II. Biologics. 2008 Jun;2(2):311-20. [Article]
  2. Wraith JE, Scarpa M, Beck M, Bodamer OA, De Meirleir L, Guffon N, Meldgaard Lund A, Malm G, Van der Ploeg AT, Zeman J: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome): a clinical review and recommendations for treatment in the era of enzyme replacement therapy. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Mar;167(3):267-77. Epub 2007 Nov 23. [Article]
  3. Garcia AR, Pan J, Lamsa JC, Muenzer J: The characterization of a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter syndrome). J Inherit Metab Dis. 2007 Nov;30(6):924-34. Epub 2007 Sep 16. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
General Function
Not Available
Specific Function
Required for the transport of mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPR) from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network.
Gene Name
PLIN3
Uniprot ID
O60664
Uniprot Name
Perilipin-3
Molecular Weight
47074.665 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Clarke LA: Idursulfase for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis II. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008 Feb;9(2):311-7. doi: 10.1517/14656566.9.2.311 . [Article]
  4. Burrow TA, Leslie ND: Review of the use of idursulfase in the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis II. Biologics. 2008 Jun;2(2):311-20. [Article]
  5. Wraith JE, Scarpa M, Beck M, Bodamer OA, De Meirleir L, Guffon N, Meldgaard Lund A, Malm G, Van der Ploeg AT, Zeman J: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome): a clinical review and recommendations for treatment in the era of enzyme replacement therapy. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Mar;167(3):267-77. Epub 2007 Nov 23. [Article]

Drug created at May 16, 2007 20:17 / Updated at June 03, 2022 07:24