Ingenol mebutate

Identification

Summary

Ingenol mebutate is a topical agent used for the treatment of actinic keratosis.

Generic Name
Ingenol mebutate
DrugBank Accession Number
DB05013
Background

Ingenol mebutate was approved by the FDA in January 2012, and it is marketed under the name Picato®. Picato gel is indicated for the topical treatment of actinic keratosis. Before approval, ingenol mebutate was called PEP005 as an investigational drug. PEP005 is a selective small molecule activator of protein kinase C (PKC) extracted from the plant Euphorbia peplus, whose sap has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of skin conditions including warts and cancer. PEP005 also has potent anti-leukemic effects, inducing apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary AML cells at nanomolar concentrations.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 430.541
Monoisotopic: 430.235538815
Chemical Formula
C25H34O6
Synonyms
  • 3-Angeloylingenol
  • 3-Ingenyl angelate
  • Ingenol 3-angelate
  • Ingenol mebutate
  • Ingenol mebutato
  • Ingenoli mebutas
  • Mébutate d'ingénol
  • Mebutato de ingenol
External IDs
  • AGN 204332
  • PEP-005
  • PEP005

Pharmacology

Indication

For the topical treatment of actinic keratosis.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofActinic keratosis••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of ingenol mebutate in producing cell death in actinic keratosis is unknown.

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action of ingenol mebutate in actinic keratosis is unknown. It is presumed to involve primary necrosis then neutrophil-mediated inflammation and antibody-dependent cell death of residual disease cells. Additionally in early studies, PEP005 was shown to be an effective activator of PKC-delta and PKC-delta translocation into nucleus and membranes. PEP005 also downregulates the expression and activity of PKC-alpha. PEP005 induced modulation of PKCs leads to Ras/Raf/MAPK and p38 activation and AKT/PKB inhibition.

TargetActionsOrganism
UProtein kinase C delta type
ligand
Humans
UProtein kinase C alpha type
ligand
Humans
Absorption

Since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment, the systemic absorption is less than 0.1 ng/mL.

Volume of distribution

There is no volume of distribution quantity since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment.

Protein binding

There is no plasma protein binding quantity since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment

Metabolism

There is no metabolism of Picato since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment, and ingenol mebutate does not inhibit or induce a majority of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.

Route of elimination

There is no route of elimination since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment.

Half-life

There is no half-life quantity since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment.

Clearance

There is no clearance quantity since ingenol mebutate is a topical treatment.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

The most common adverse reactions are local skin reactions at the application site, headache, periorbital edema,and nasopharyngitis.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
No interactions found.
Food Interactions
  • Take with or without food.

Products

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International/Other Brands
Picato gel ( LEO Pharma)
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
PicatoGel0.015 %TopicalLeo Pharma2013-03-212020-10-14Canada flag
PicatoGel150 micrograms/gCutaneousLeo Laboratories Ltd.2016-09-082020-07-31EU flag
PicatoGel500 ug/1gTopicalLEO Pharma Inc.2012-01-232022-04-30US flag
PicatoGel0.05 %TopicalLeo Pharma2013-03-212020-10-14Canada flag
PicatoGel500 micrograms/gCutaneousLeo Laboratories Ltd.2016-09-082020-07-31EU flag

Categories

ATC Codes
D06BX02 — Ingenol mebutate
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tigliane and ingenane diterpenoids. These are diterpenoids containing the tigliane or ingenane carbon skeleton. The tigliane skeleton is a tetracyclic ring that consists of the 4/7/6/3 ring junction. It is derived from casbane by 6,10- and 5,14-cyclizations and is a framework of phorbol. The ingenane skeleton is derived by rearrangement of tigliane.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Prenol lipids
Sub Class
Diterpenoids
Direct Parent
Tigliane and ingenane diterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Fatty acid esters / Tertiary alcohols / Enoate esters / Secondary alcohols / Ketones / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Primary alcohols / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Carboxylic acid ester / Enoate ester / Fatty acid ester / Fatty acyl / Hydrocarbon derivative
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
carboxylic ester, tetracyclic diterpenoid, cyclic terpene ketone (CHEBI:66913)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
7686S50JAH
CAS number
75567-37-2
InChI Key
VDJHFHXMUKFKET-UXMMOKKRSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C25H34O6/c1-7-12(2)22(29)31-21-13(3)10-24-14(4)8-17-18(23(17,5)6)16(20(24)28)9-15(11-26)19(27)25(21,24)30/h7,9-10,14,16-19,21,26-27,30H,8,11H2,1-6H3/b12-7-/t14-,16-,17-,18+,19-,21+,24+,25+/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(1S,4S,5S,6R,9R,10R,12R,14R)-5,6-dihydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-3,11,11,14-tetramethyl-15-oxotetracyclo[7.5.1.0^{1,5}.0^{10,12}]pentadeca-2,7-dien-4-yl (2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate
SMILES
[H][C@@]12C[C@@H](C)[C@]34C=C(C)[C@H](OC(=O)C(\C)=C/C)[C@@]3(O)[C@H](O)C(CO)=C[C@@]([H])(C4=O)[C@]1([H])C2(C)C

References

Synthesis Reference

Ogbourne SM, Suhrbier A, Jones B, Cozzi SJ, Boyle GM, Morris M, McAlpine D, Johns J, Scott TM, Sutherland KP, Gardner JM, Le TT, Lenarczyk A, Aylward JH, Parsons PG: Antitumor activity of 3-ingenyl angelate: plasma membrane and mitochondrial disruption and necrotic cell death. Cancer Res. 2004 Apr 15;64(8):2833-9.

General References
Not Available
KEGG Drug
D09393
PubChem Compound
6918670
PubChem Substance
175426930
ChemSpider
28533061
RxNav
1242806
ChEBI
66913
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1863513
ZINC
ZINC000056898854
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Ingenol_mebutate
FDA label
Download (276 KB)
MSDS
Download (24.9 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedTreatmentActinic Keratosis (AK)6
4Unknown StatusTreatmentActinic Keratosis (AK)1
3CompletedTreatmentActinic Keratosis (AK)13
3TerminatedTreatmentActinic Keratosis (AK)1
2CompletedTreatmentActinic Keratosis (AK)7

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
GelCutaneous150 MICROGRAMMI/G
GelCutaneous150 micrograms/g
GelCutaneous500 MICROGRAMMI/G
GelCutaneous500 micrograms/g
GelTopical0.015 %
GelTopical0.05 %
GelTopical150 ug/1g
GelTopical500 ug/1g
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
CA2301082No2009-02-032018-08-19Canada flag
US7410656No2008-08-122018-08-19US flag
US8536163No2013-09-172026-12-18US flag
US8716271No2014-05-062026-12-18US flag
US8735375No2014-05-272026-12-18US flag
US6432452No2002-08-132018-08-19US flag
US6787161No2004-09-072018-08-19US flag
US6844013No2005-01-182018-12-13US flag
US8278292No2012-10-022027-07-06US flag
US8377919No2013-02-192026-12-18US flag
US8372828No2013-02-122026-12-18US flag
US8372827No2013-02-122026-12-18US flag
US9789078No2017-10-172033-05-15US flag
US9820959No2017-11-212026-12-18US flag
US9833429No2017-12-052026-12-18US flag
US9833428No2017-12-052026-12-18US flag
US9861603No2018-01-092026-12-18US flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.279 mg/mLALOGPS
logP2.49ALOGPS
logP2.51Chemaxon
logS-3.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.13Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.8Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area104.06 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count4Chemaxon
Refractivity117.86 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability47.14 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings4Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.8185
Blood Brain Barrier+0.5912
Caco-2 permeable-0.7076
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.7633
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.7201
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8873
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9158
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8455
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8671
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.6695
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.6961
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.5257
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9137
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.817
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8095
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.8368
Ames testAMES toxic0.5474
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9194
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.7966
Rat acute toxicity2.7836 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9974
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.844
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-01q9-0005900000-cfe0403c6e1a4e8a38c8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-0000900000-ef55b0cd5e220e268bfb
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-01q9-0019100000-b309b9888fd9b49be136
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9004200000-cfb7a8c918c2eb627e80
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0pb9-9011000000-45ad5d306b4725680784
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00ke-9102000000-5309597a6c25cab15e88
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Protein serine/threonine kinase activity
Specific Function
Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays contrasting roles in cell death and cell survival by functioning as a pro-apoptotic ...
Gene Name
PRKCD
Uniprot ID
Q05655
Uniprot Name
Protein kinase C delta type
Molecular Weight
77504.445 Da
References
  1. Kedei N, Lundberg DJ, Toth A, Welburn P, Garfield SH, Blumberg PM: Characterization of the interaction of ingenol 3-angelate with protein kinase C. Cancer Res. 2004 May 1;64(9):3243-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differenti...
Gene Name
PRKCA
Uniprot ID
P17252
Uniprot Name
Protein kinase C alpha type
Molecular Weight
76749.445 Da
References
  1. Kedei N, Lundberg DJ, Toth A, Welburn P, Garfield SH, Blumberg PM: Characterization of the interaction of ingenol 3-angelate with protein kinase C. Cancer Res. 2004 May 1;64(9):3243-55. [Article]

Drug created at October 21, 2007 22:23 / Updated at March 28, 2024 03:23