Botulinum neurotoxin type G

Details

Name
Botulinum neurotoxin type G
Synonyms
  • 3.4.24.69
  • BoNT/G
  • Bontoxilysin-G
Gene Name
botG
UniProtKB Entry
Q60393Swiss-Prot
Organism
Clostridium botulinum
NCBI Taxonomy ID
1491
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0051615|Botulinum neurotoxin type G
MPVNIKXFNYNDPINNDDIIMMEPFNDPGPGTYYKAFRIIDRIWIVPERFTYGFQPDQFN
ASTGVFSKDVYEYYDPTYLKTDAEKDKFLKTMIKLFNRINSKPSGQRLLDMIVDAIPYLG
NASTPPDKFAANVANVSINKKIIQPGAEDQIKGLMTNLIIFGPGPVLSDNFTDSMIMNGH
SPISEGFGARMMIRFCPSCLNVFNNVQENKDTSIFSRRAYFADPALTLMHELIHVLHGLY
GIKISNLPITPNTKEFFMQHSDPVQAEELYTFGGHDPSVISPSTDMNIYNKALQNFQDIA
NRLNIVSSAQGSGIDISLYKQIYKNKYDFVEDPNGKYSVDKDKFDKLYKALMFGFTETNL
AGEYGIKTRYSYFSEYLPPIKTEKLLDNTIYTQNEGFNIASKNLKTEFNGQNKAVNKEAY
EEISLEHLVIYRIAMCKPVMYKNTGKSEQCIIVNNEDLFFIANKDSFSKDLAKAETIAYN
TQNNTIENNFSIDQLILDNDLSSGIDLPNENTEPFTNFDDIDIPVYIKQSALKKIFVDGD
SLFEYLHAQTFPSNIENLQLTNSLNDALRNNNKVYTFFSTNLVEKANTVVGASLFVNWVK
GVIDDFTSESTQKSTIDKVSDVSIIIPYIGPALNVGNETAKENFKNAFEIGGAAILMEFI
PELIVPIVGFFTLESYVGNKGHIIMTISNALKKRDQKWTDMYGLIVSQWLSTVNTQFYTI
KERMYNALNNQSQAIEKIIEDQYNRYSEEDKMNINIDFNDIDFKLNQSINLAINNIDDFI
NQCSISYLMNRMIPLAVKKLKDFDDNLKRDLLEYIDTNELYLLDEVNILKSKVNRHLKDS
IPFDLSLYTKDTILIQVFNNYISNISSNAILSLSYRGGRLIDSSGYGATMNVGSDVIFND
IGNGQFKLNNSENSNITAHQSKFVVYDSMFDNFSINFWVRTPKYNNNDIQTYLQNEYTII
SCIKNDSGWKVSIKGNRIIWTLIDVNAKSKSIFFEYSIKDNISDYINKWFSITITNDRLG
NANIYINGSLKKSEKILNLDRINSSNDIDFKLINCTDTTKFVWIKDFNIFGRELNATEVS
SLYWIQSSTNTLKDFWGNPLRYDTQYYLFNQGMQNIYIKYFSKASMGETAPRTNFNNAAI
NYQNLYLGLRFIIKKASNSRNINNDNIVREGDYIYLNIDNISDESYRVYVLVNSKEIQTQ
LFLAPINDDPTFYDVLQIKKYYEKTTYNCQILCEKDTKTFGLFGIGKFVKDYGYVWDTYD
NYFCISQWYLRRISENINKLRLGCNWQFIPVDEGWTE
Number of residues
1297
Molecular Weight
Not Available
Theoretical pI
Not Available
GO Classification
Functions
metalloendopeptidase activity / protein transmembrane transporter activity / toxin activity / zinc ion binding
Processes
inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake
Components
extracellular region
General Function
Botulinum neurotoxin type G Botulinum toxin causes flaccid paralysis by inhibiting neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) release from the presynaptic membranes of nerve terminals of the eukaryotic host skeletal and autonomic nervous system, with frequent heart or respiratory failure (PubMed:15123599). Precursor of botulinum neurotoxin G which has 2 coreceptors; complex polysialylated gangliosides found on neural tissue and specific membrane-anchored proteins found in synaptic vesicles (PubMed:15123599). Receptor proteins are exposed on host presynaptic cell membrane during neurotransmitter release, when the toxin heavy chain (HC) binds to them. Upon synaptic vesicle recycling the toxin is taken up via the endocytic pathway. When the pH of the toxin-containing endosome drops a structural rearrangement occurs so that the N-terminus of the HC forms pores that allows the light chain (LC) to translocate into the cytosol. Once in the cytosol the disulfide bond linking the 2 subunits is reduced and LC cleaves its target protein on synaptic vesicles, preventing their fusion with the cytoplasmic membrane and thus neurotransmitter release (By similarity). Binds to host peripheral neuronal presynaptic membranes via synaptotagmins 1 and 2 (SYT1 and SYT2) (PubMed:15123599). Toxin binds to the membrane proximal extra-cytoplasmic region of SYT1 and SYT2 that is transiently exposed outside of cells during exocytosis; exogenous gangliosides do not enhance binding and subsequent uptake of toxin into host cells (PubMed:15123599). Toxin activity can be blocked by the appropriate synaptotagmin protein fragments in cell culture (PubMed:15123599).
Specific Function
lipid binding
Pfam Domain Function
Signal Regions
Not Available
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Secreted
Gene sequence
Not Available
Chromosome Location
Not Available
Locus
Not Available
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDQ60393
UniProtKB Entry NameBXG_CLOBO
PDB ID(s)1ZB7, 2VXR, 3MPP
General References
  1. Campbell K, Collins MD, East AK: Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for Clostridium botulinum (Clostridium argentinense) type G neurotoxin: genealogical comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Dec 14;1216(3):487-91. [Article]

Associated Data

Bio-Entities
Bio-EntityType
Botulinum neurotoxin type G (Clostridium botulinum)protein
primary
Drug Relations
DrugDrug groupPharmacological action?TypeActionsDetails
Equine Botulinum Neurotoxin G Immune FAB2approved, experimental, investigationalyestargetantibodyDetails