Sirolimus oral absorption in rats is increased by ketoconazole but is not affected by D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate.

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Wacher VJ, Silverman JA, Wong S, Tran-Tau P, Chan AO, Chai A, Yu XQ, O'Mahony D, Ramtoola Z

Sirolimus oral absorption in rats is increased by ketoconazole but is not affected by D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate.

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):308-13.

PubMed ID

12235265 [ View in PubMed

]

Abstract

The contributions of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and P-glycoprotein to sirolimus oral bioavailability in rats were evaluated by coadministration of sirolimus (Rapamune) with the CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole or the P-glycoprotein inhibitor D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate (TPGS). Groups of six male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were administered Rapamune (1 mg/kg) by oral gavage, alone and with ketoconazole (30 mg/kg) or TPGS (50 mg/kg). Sirolimus levels were measured in whole blood over a 6-h time course. Sirolimus C(max) (6.6 +/- 1.6 versus 26 +/- 7 ng/ml) and area under the concentration versus time curve from 0 to 6 h (AUC(0-6)) (22 +/- 7 versus 105 +/- 27 ng. h/ml) were increased 3- to 5-fold by ketoconazole. Median T(max) (1.5-2 h) was unchanged. TPGS had no effect on sirolimus absorption. The interaction of sirolimus with P-glycoprotein was also evaluated in vitro using HCT-8 and Caco-2 cell monolayers. Consistent with published reports, sirolimus was a good inhibitor of P-glycoprotein, inhibiting polarized basolateral-to-apical flux of rhodamine 123 with an IC(50) of 0.625 to 1.25 microM (cyclosporine caused >80% inhibition at 5 microM). Sirolimus did not demonstrate significant polarized flux in either direction using the same monolayers (basolateral-to-apical flux was <2 times the apical-to-basolateral). Moreover, sirolimus flux was not impacted by cyclosporine, suggesting that it does not undergo P-glycoprotein-mediated transport in this system. The lack of significant sirolimus transport by P-glycoprotein may, in part, explain the lack of a TPGS effect on sirolimus absorption in rats.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Transporters

Drug	Transporter	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Sirolimus	P-glycoprotein 1	Protein	Humans	No	Substrate Inhibitor Inducer	Details

Drug Interactions

Drugs	Interaction
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