Manganese Is Essential for Neuronal Health.
Article Details
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Horning KJ, Caito SW, Tipps KG, Bowman AB, Aschner M
Manganese Is Essential for Neuronal Health.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2015;35:71-108. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034419. Epub 2015 May 13.
- PubMed ID
- 25974698 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
The understanding of manganese (Mn) biology, in particular its cellular regulation and role in neurological disease, is an area of expanding interest. Mn is an essential micronutrient that is required for the activity of a diverse set of enzymatic proteins (e.g., arginase and glutamine synthase). Although necessary for life, Mn is toxic in excess. Thus, maintaining appropriate levels of intracellular Mn is critical. Unlike other essential metals, cell-level homeostatic mechanisms of Mn have not been identified. In this review, we discuss common forms of Mn exposure, absorption, and transport via regulated uptake/exchange at the gut and blood-brain barrier and via biliary excretion. We present the current understanding of cellular uptake and efflux as well as subcellular storage and transport of Mn. In addition, we highlight the Mn-dependent and Mn-responsive pathways implicated in the growing evidence of its role in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. We conclude with suggestions for future focuses of Mn health-related research.
DrugBank Data that Cites this Article
- Drugs
- Drug Carriers
Drug Carrier Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Manganese cation Ceruloplasmin Protein Humans UnknownBinderDetails - Drug Transporters
Drug Transporter Kind Organism Pharmacological Action Actions Manganese cation Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails Manganese cation Zinc transporter 10 Protein Humans UnknownSubstrateDetails