Structures of human Golgi-resident glutaminyl cyclase and its complexes with inhibitors reveal a large loop movement upon inhibitor binding.

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Huang KF, Liaw SS, Huang WL, Chia CY, Lo YC, Chen YL, Wang AH

Structures of human Golgi-resident glutaminyl cyclase and its complexes with inhibitors reveal a large loop movement upon inhibitor binding.

J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 8;286(14):12439-49. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.208595. Epub 2011 Feb 1.

PubMed ID
21288892 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Aberrant pyroglutamate formation at the N terminus of certain peptides and proteins, catalyzed by glutaminyl cyclases (QCs), is linked to some pathological conditions, such as Alzheimer disease. Recently, a glutaminyl cyclase (QC) inhibitor, PBD150, was shown to be able to reduce the deposition of pyroglutamate-modified amyloid-beta peptides in brain of transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer disease, leading to a significant improvement of learning and memory in those transgenic animals. Here, we report the 1.05-1.40 A resolution structures, solved by the sulfur single-wavelength anomalous dispersion phasing method, of the Golgi-luminal catalytic domain of the recently identified Golgi-resident QC (gQC) and its complex with PBD150. We also describe the high-resolution structures of secretory QC (sQC)-PBD150 complex and two other gQC-inhibitor complexes. gQC structure has a scaffold similar to that of sQC but with a relatively wider and negatively charged active site, suggesting a distinct substrate specificity from sQC. Upon binding to PBD150, a large loop movement in gQC allows the inhibitor to be tightly held in its active site primarily by hydrophobic interactions. Further comparisons of the inhibitor-bound structures revealed distinct interactions of the inhibitors with gQC and sQC, which are consistent with the results from our inhibitor assays reported here. Because gQC and sQC may play different biological roles in vivo, the different inhibitor binding modes allow the design of specific inhibitors toward gQC and sQC.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Polypeptides
NameUniProt ID
Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferaseQ16769Details
Binding Properties
DrugTargetPropertyMeasurementpHTemperature (°C)
1-benzylimidazoleGlutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferaseKi (nM)262825Details
1-benzylimidazoleGlutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferaseKi (nM)607825Details
N-acetylhistamineGlutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferaseKi (nM)5748825Details
N-acetylhistamineGlutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferaseKi (nM)1698825Details