Macromolecular Substances
- Name
- Macromolecular Substances
- Accession Number
- DBCAT000809
- Description
Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.
- Drugs
Drug Drug Description Colestipol A bile acid sequestrant used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to reduce LDL-C cholesterol levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. Carbopol 974P A polymer used as a lacrimal substitute to treat symptoms associated with dry eyes. Povidone-iodine A topical antiseptic agent used for the treatment and prevention of infection in wounds. Certolizumab pegol A tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker used to treat a variety of autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions like Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, active psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondyloarthritis, and plaque psoriasis. Peginterferon beta-1a An interferon beta used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. Polyethylene glycol A laxative used to treat constipation and used for bowel preparation before colonoscopies and other procedures. Simethicone An anti-flatulence agent used to relieve pressure, bloating, and symptoms referred to as gas. Hypromellose An ingredient used in a wide variety of medications, and is not an approved medication. Pegfilgrastim A recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor used to stimulate the production of neutrophils and prevent febrile neutropenia or infections after myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Peginterferon alfa-2a A modified form of recombinant human interferon used to stimulate the innate antiviral response in the treatment of hepatitis B and C viruses. Peginterferon alfa-2b A purified form of human interferon used to stimulate the innate antiviral response in the treatment of hepatitis B and C, genital warts, and some cancers. Pegaspargase A modified form of L-asparagine amidohydrolase used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which is dependent on an external source of asparagine. Inulin Historically used in an important medical test of renal function, specifically a measure of glomerular filtration rate. Sometimes used to help relieve symptoms of diabetes mellitus - a condition characterised... Icodextrin An iso-osmotic solution used for continuous peritoneal dialysis or automated peritoneal dialysis. Hydroxypropyl cellulose A cellulose ether used to treat dry eyes. Quinidine A medication used to restore normal sinus rhythm, treat atrial fibrillation and flutter, and treat ventricular arrhythmias. Tolevamer A potassium-binding resin used in the treatment of hyperkalemia. Cholestyramine A bile acid sequestrant used as an adjunct in the reduction of elevated serum cholesterol in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia, and for the relief of pruritus associated with partial biliary obstruction. Triglyme Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (also called triglyme) is a glycol ether used as a solvent. Triethylene glycol Not Available Cellotetraose Not Available Formaldehyde A naturally occurring hazardous organic compound used as a preservative in animal feed, cosmetic products, laboratory procedures, disinfection, and home building products. Octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol Not Available Crofelemer An antidiarrheal agent used for the symptomatic relief of drug-induced non-infectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy. SP1049C Intended for the treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus. PEG-uricase Investigated for use/treatment in hyperuricemia. PRO 2000 Investigated for use/treatment in HIV prevention, prevention of stdis, and vaginal infection. LJP 1082 Investigated for use/treatment in autoimmune diseases, strokes, and thrombosis. Maxy-G34 Investigated for use/treatment in adverse effects (chemotherapy) and neutropenics. XMT-1001 Investigated for use/treatment in solid tumors. Tyloxapol Tyloxapol is an inhaled surfactant that assists in removing and liquefying and removing bronchopulmonary secretions with mucus and pus. Tyloxapol is administered either through nebulized solution or a stream of... Dextrin 2-sulfate Investigated for use/treatment in HIV prevention. Pegargiminase Investigated for use/treatment in melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Pegsunercept Investigated for use/treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Sodium cellulose phosphate Sodium cellulose phosphate is used to treat hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. It has been used to prevent kidney stones. This compound is an ion-exchange resin that can not be absorbed by... Nonoxynol-9 A vaginal spermicide used for the non-hormonal contraception in conjunction with other modes of contraception. Polidocanol A sclerosing agent used for the treatment of uncomplicated spider veins and uncomplicated reticular veins, all less than 3 mm in diameter, in the lower extremity. Peginesatide Peginesatide is used for the treatment of anemia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult patients on dialysis Naloxegol A peripherally-selective opioid antagonist used to treat opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with chronic non-cancer pain. Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta A synthetic erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. Dextran A low molecular weight dextran used as an adjunctive treatment of shock or impending shock due to hemorrhage, burns, surgery or other trauma, as well as the prophylaxis of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism during high-risk medical procedures. Patiromer A potassium binder indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia. Polycarbophil Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation and to help maintain regular bowel movements. Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylated For the management of hemophilia A (congenital factor VIII deficiency) [FDA label], . This medication is a human antihemophilic factor indicated in adolescent and adult patients (12 years and older)... Tannic acid Tannic acid is indicated for cold sores, fever blisters, diaper rash, minor burn or sunburn and prickly heat. Vaginally, tannic acid is used as a douche for leukorrhea. It has... Ferumoxsil Not Annotated Ferumoxides Not Annotated Acacia An extract from Acacia used in allergy testing. Karaya gum An extract from Karaya gum used in allergy testing. Tragacanth An extract from Tragacanth used in allergy testing. Carob An extract from Carob used in allergy testing. Polyvinyl alcohol A compound used as an ophthalmic lubricant. Povidone When in complex with iodine, indicated for inducing antisepsis for prevention of infection in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. Polysorbate 80 It is used as a solubilizer, antimicrobial preservative and disinfectant . Dimethicone An ingredient used to treat dry and irritated eyes. Polyethylene glycol 400 An ingredient used in a wide variety of medications, and is not an approved medication. Pectin Pectin is used in food as a gelling agent and stabilizer. As a medical drug, it has obtained a great interest in its potential use as a source of dietary... Polyethylene glycol 300 Indicated as a lubricant in over-the-counter ophthalmic solutions to temporarily relieve redness, burning and irritation of the eyes. Rosin An extract from Rosin used in allergy testing. Polysorbate 20 Polysorbate 20 is a polysorbate-type nonionic surfactant used in many commercial, household and pharmaceutical products. It is composed of 20 repeated units of polyethylene glycol via ethoxylation. Polysorbate 20 is... Tolu balsam Not Annotated Saccharide isomerate Not Annotated Poliglusam Poliglusam, or chitosan, is a linear polysaccharide consisting of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Naturally-occuring poliglusam is found in the cell walls of fungi, soil and sediments where it is produced from... Cyclomethicone 5 Cyclomethicone 5 is member of cyclomethicone, which are a group of liquid methyl siloxanes that have low viscosity and high volatility. Cyclomethicones are cyclic in structure with a monomer backbone... Poloxamer 407 Poloxamer 407 is a polyoxyethylene polymer and hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant. It consists of a central hydrophobic block of polypropylene glycol that is flanked on each side by polyethylene glycol blocks,... Phenyl trimethicone Not Annotated Poloxamer 188 A medication used to clean wounds. Poloxalene Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer is used as a food additive. It belongs to the family of Epoxides. These are compounds containing a cyclic ether with three ring atoms (one oxygen... Balsam of Peru Balsam of Peru is found in diverse cosmetics and perfumes as well as a flavoring agent in cough syrups, lozenges, chewing gum, and candies. As a medical agent, balsam of... Insulin peglispro Not Annotated Drometrizole trisiloxane An UV ray absorbing agent used in sunscreens to protect skin from UV radiation. Starch, corn Corn starch refers to the starch extracted from the corn grain that is commonly used as a food ingredient and chemical additive. Starch is any of a group of polysaccharides... Hydroxyethyl cellulose An ingredient used in formulations to alleviate irritation of the skin. Myrrh FDA approved only for use in food. Historically used for indigestion, ulcers, colds, cough, asthma, bronchial congestion, arthritic pain, cancer, leprosy, and syphilis. It is also used orally as a... Astodrimer Astodrimer has been used in trials studying the treatment and prevention of Bacterial Vaginosis. It is a lysine-based dendrimer with naphthalene disulfonic acid surface groups. 2-octyl cyanoacrylate Dermabond has been investigated for the basic science of Wound Healing. Enbucrilate Enbucrilate is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02468206 (Secondary Prophylaxis of Gastric Variceal Bleed). Pegamotecan Pegamotecan has been used in trials studying the treatment of Cancer of Stomach, Sarcoma, Soft Tissue, and Gastroesophageal Cancer. Lipegfilgrastim A medication used to reduce the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and incidence of febrile neutropenia in cytotoxic chemotherapy. Guar gum Not Annotated Sodium apolate Not Annotated Dextranomer Not Annotated Oxidized cellulose Not Annotated Nonacog beta pegol A recombinant coagulation Factor IX derivative used to treat hemophilia B. Carbomer homopolymer type C A medication in artificial tears for the treatment of dry eyes. Cyclomethicone Not Annotated Hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose Hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose modulates bacterial binding to salivary pellicle; moderately effective in preventing plaque formation. Microcrystalline cellulose A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material,... Amber Amber is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug. Calcium polycarbophil A bulk forming laxative used to treat constipation. Calaspargase pegol An asparagine specific enzyme used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Peginterferon lambda-1a Peginterferon lambda-1a is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01754974 (Safety and Efficacy Study of Peginterferon Lambda-1a vs. Peginterferon Alfa-2a, Plus Ribavirin in Subjects With Genotype 1 Hepatitis C). Polyacrylamide (crosslinked; 2 mole percent bisacrylamide) Polyacrylamide (crosslinked; 2 mole percent bisacrylamide) is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00629083 (Bulking Agents for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Females). Polydioxanone Polydioxanone is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00998907 (PDS*Plus and Wound Infections After Laparotomy). Polydextrose Polydextrose is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02258750 (Assessing a Polydextrose Containing Soup on Food Intake, Appetite and Biomarkers of Satiation and Satiety). Etirinotecan pegol Etirinotecan pegol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01663012 (Phase II NKTR-102 In Bevacizumab-Resistant High Grade Glioma). Firtecan pegol Firtecan pegol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01036113 (A Phase 2 Study of EZN-2208 in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer). Poly(lactic acid) Poly(lactic acid) is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00126308 (Facial Lipoatrophy Trial: Immediate Versus Deferred Injections of Poly-L-Lactic Acid for HIV Facial Lipoatrophy). Ocrylate Ocrylate is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01918059 (Cosmetic Outcome Study of Lid Laceration Repair With Suture Versus Tissue Adhesive). Somatropin pegol Somatropin pegol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00715689 (Dose Study in Growth Hormone Deficient Adults Investigating Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of NNC126-0083). Belapectin Belapectin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02575404 (GR-MD-02 Plus Pembrolizumab in Melanoma, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, and Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer Patients). Bempegaldesleukin Bempegaldesleukin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03729245 (A Study of NKTR-214 in Combination With Nivolumab Compared With the Investigator's Choice of a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) Therapy (Either Sunitinib... Pegilodecakin Pegilodecakin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03382912 (Study of Pegilodecakin (LY3500518) With Nivolumab Compared to Nivolumab Alone Second-line Tx in Participants With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer). Pegbelfermin Pegbelfermin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03486899 (A Study of Experimental Medication BMS-986036 in Adults With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and Stage 3 Liver Fibrosis). Lulizumab pegol Lulizumab pegol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02843659 (Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of BMS-931699 (Lulizumab) or BMS-986142 in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome). Silk sericin Not Annotated Carbomer Not Annotated Azoximer bromide Azoximer bromide is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04381377 (Efficacy and Safety of Polyoxidonium® in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease COVID-19). Polygeline A medication used for plasma volume expansion. Dapirolizumab pegol Dapirolizumab pegol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02804763 (A Phase 2 Efficacy and Safety Study of Dapirolizumab Pegol (DZP) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus). Pegylated synthetic human c-peptide Not Annotated Collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone Collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone is a copolymer generated from a mixture of type I collagen and low-molecular-weight PVP that has undergone γ irradiation . It is characterized by antifibrotic, fibrolytic, and immunomodulatory properties... Frankincense Not Annotated - Drugs & Drug Targets