Monopotassium phosphate

Identification

Name

Monopotassium phosphate

Accession Number

DB09413

Description

Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion. It is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent. It can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Investigational, Vet approved

Structure

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MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI

Similar Structures

Structure for Monopotassium phosphate (DB09413)

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Weight

Average: 136.0855
Monoisotopic: 135.932776925

Chemical Formula

H₂KO₄P

Synonyms

• Monobasic potassium phosphate
• Monopotassium dihydrogen monophosphate
• Monopotassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
• Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate
• Monopotassium monophosphate
• Monopotassium orthophosphate
• Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
• Potassium acid phosphate
• Potassium biphosphate
• Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
• Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
• Potassium phosphate
• Potassium phosphate monobasic
• Potassium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous)
• Potassium phosphate, monobasic
• Potassium phosphate,monobasic

External IDs

• E-340(I)
• INS NO.340(I)
• INS-340(I)

Pharmacology

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Indication

Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications; Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use, and in wastewater treatment;

Associated Therapies

• Fluid replacement therapy
• Organ Preservation
• Tissue Preservation
• Total parenteral nutrition therapy

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Potassium is the major cation of intracellular fluid and is essential for maintenance of acid-base balance, isotonicity, and electrodynamic characteristics of the cell. Potassium is an important activator in many enzymatic reactions and is essential to a number of physiologic processes including transmission of nerve impulses; contraction of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscles; gastric secretion; renal function; tissue synthesis; and carbohydrate metabolism. Phosphate is a major intracellular anion that participates in providing energy for metabolism of substrates and contributes to important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in almost all organs and tissues. Phosphate exerts a modifying influence on calcium concentrations, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium, and has a major role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ions.

Mechanism of action

hosphorus has a number of important functions in the biochemistry of the body. The bulk of the body's phosphorus is located in the bones, where it plays a key role in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities. Enzymatically catalyzed phosphate-transfer reactions are numerous and vital in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein, and a proper concentration of the anion is of primary importance in assuring an orderly biochemical sequence. ln addition, phosphorus plays an important role in modifying steady-state tissue concentrations of calcium. Phosphate ions are important buffers of the intracellular fluid, and also play a primary role in the renal excretion of the hydrogen ion. Oral administration of inorganic phosphates increases serum phosphate levels. Phosphates lower urinary calcium levels in idiopathic hypercalciuria.

Absorption

Potassium salts are well absorbed from the GI tract. Ingested phosphates are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. However, the presence of large amounts of calcium or aluminum may lead to formation of insoluble phosphate and reduce the net absorption. Vitamin D stimulates phosphate absorption.

Volume of distribution

Potassium first enters the extracellular fluid and is then actively transported into the cells where its concentration is up to 40 times that outside the cell. Dextrose, insulin, and oxygen facilitate movement of potassium into cells.

Protein binding

In healthy adults, plasma potassium concentrations generally range from 3.5-5 mEq/L. Plasma concentrations up to 7.7 mEq/L may be normal in neonates.

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Renal (90%) and fecal (10%) Phosphates Potassium is excreted mainly by the kidneys. Small amounts of potassium may be excreted via the skin and intestinal tract, but most of the potassium excreted into the intestine is later reabsorbed.

Half-life

In healthy children with phosphate overdose, half-life was 4.8 to 10.6 hours, and was prolonged to 17 hours in a child with renal insufficiency.

Clearance

Phosphates are rapidly cleared by dialysis. Dialysis can also be used to treat other electrolyte abnormalities such as hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia.

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

Rabbit : LD50 >4640mg/kg (skin) Rat : LdLo : 4640mg/kg (Oral)

Affected organisms

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drug	Interaction
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Acebutolol	Monopotassium phosphate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Acebutolol.
Aceclofenac	Monopotassium phosphate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Aceclofenac.
Acemetacin	Monopotassium phosphate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Acemetacin.
Acetazolamide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acetazolamide is combined with Monopotassium phosphate.
Acetylsalicylic acid	The serum concentration of Acetylsalicylic acid can be increased when it is combined with Monopotassium phosphate.
Aclidinium	The therapeutic efficacy of Monopotassium phosphate can be decreased when used in combination with Aclidinium.
Alclofenac	Monopotassium phosphate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Alclofenac.
Alfentanil	The therapeutic efficacy of Monopotassium phosphate can be decreased when used in combination with Alfentanil.
Aliskiren	Monopotassium phosphate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Aliskiren.
Alloin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Monopotassium phosphate is combined with Alloin.

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Food Interactions

• Take separate from antacids. Magnesium, calcium, or aluminum antacids may reduce the absorption of phosphate in K-phos.
• Take with a full glass of water. Dissolve K-Phos tablets in water then ingest.
• Take with food. Take K-Phos tablets at bedtime and with meals.

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Active Moieties

Name	Kind	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Potassium cation	ionic	295O53K152	24203-36-9	NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Phosphate ion	ionic	NK08V8K8HR	14265-44-2	NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K

Product Images

PreviousNext

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
K Phos Original	Tablet, soluble	500 mg/1	Oral	Beach Products, Inc.	1977-03-29	Not applicable
K Phos Original	Tablet, soluble	500 mg/1	Oral	Carilion Materials Management	1977-03-29	Not applicable
Phosphate De Potassium Monobasic Inj 176mg/ml	Liquid		Intravenous	Sandoz Canada Incorporated	1987-12-31	Not applicable

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Artisial	Monopotassium phosphate (32.6 mg) + Calcium chloride (16.625 mg) + Dipotassium phosphate (80.3 mg) + Magnesium chloride (5.875 mg) + Potassium chloride (62.45 mg) + Sodium chloride (86.55 mg)	Liquid	Buccal	Jouveinal Inc.	1986-12-31	1996-09-09
Dextrose 5% and Electrolyte No75 Inj	Monopotassium phosphate (100 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g) + Sodium lactate (220 mg) + Potassium chloride (205 mg) + Sodium chloride (120 mg)	Liquid	Intravenous	Baxter Laboratories	1990-12-31	2011-05-10
Dextrose and Electrolyte No. 48	Monopotassium phosphate (20 mg/100mL) + D-glucose monohydrate (5 g/100mL) + Sodium lactate (260 mg/100mL) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (31 mg/100mL) + Potassium chloride (141 mg/100mL) + Sodium chloride (12 mg/100mL)	Injection	Intravenous	Baxter Healthcare Corporation	1979-02-02	Not applicable
Dextrose and Electrolyte No. 75	Monopotassium phosphate (100 mg/100mL) + D-glucose monohydrate (5 g/100mL) + Sodium lactate (220 mg/100mL) + Potassium chloride (205 mg/100mL) + Sodium chloride (120 mg/100mL)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Baxter Laboratories	2006-08-31	Not applicable
Formula O-care Vitamin and Mineral Supplement	Monopotassium phosphate (265.3 mg) + Biotin (33.3 mcg) + Calcium (333.3 mg) + Cholecalciferol (133.3 unit) + Copper (0.34 mg) + Folic acid (0.033 mg) + Magnesium (167 mg) + Manganese (0.67 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (1.33 mg) + Riboflavin (1.1 mg) + Zinc (1.67 mg)	Tablet	Oral	For Mor International Inc.	2000-03-25	2002-06-25
Ionosol MB and Dextrose	Monopotassium phosphate (15 mg/100mL) + D-glucose monohydrate (5 g/100mL) + Sodium lactate (260 mg/100mL) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (30 mg/100mL) + Potassium chloride (141 mg/100mL) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (25 mg/100mL)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Icu Medical Inc.	2019-07-01	Not applicable
Ionosol MB and Dextrose	Monopotassium phosphate (15 mg/100mL) + D-glucose monohydrate (5 g/100mL) + Sodium lactate (260 mg/100mL) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (30 mg/100mL) + Potassium chloride (141 mg/100mL) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (25 mg/100mL)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2005-04-30	2020-04-01
Isolyte S pH 7.4	Monopotassium phosphate (0.00082 g/100mL) + Sodium gluconate (0.5 g/100mL) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.03 g/100mL) + Potassium chloride (0.037 g/100mL) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (0.37 g/100mL) + Sodium chloride (0.53 g/100mL) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic, unspecified form (0.012 g/100mL)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	B. Braun Medical Inc.	1989-09-29	Not applicable
Isolyte S Ph 7.4 (multi-electrolyte Injection)	Monopotassium phosphate (820 mcg) + Sodium gluconate (500 mg) + Magnesium chloride (30 mg) + Potassium chloride (37 mg) + Sodium acetate (370 mg) + Sodium chloride (530 mg) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (12 mg)	Solution	Intravenous	B. Braun Medical Inc.	1996-09-10	Not applicable
Isoplate	Monopotassium phosphate (0.00082 g/100mL) + Sodium gluconate (0.5 g/100mL) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.03 g/100mL) + Potassium chloride (0.037 g/100mL) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (0.37 g/100mL) + Sodium chloride (0.53 g/100mL) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic, unspecified form (0.012 g/100mL)	Solution	Intravenous	B. Braun Medical Inc.	2013-03-05	2013-04-19

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate and Monobasic Sodium Phosphate	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet	Oral	American Health Packaging	2014-05-13	2020-06-30
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate and Monobasic Sodium Phosphate	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet	Oral	Avera McKennan Hospital	2015-03-11	2017-05-24
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate and Monobasic Sodium Phosphate	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet	Oral	Cardinal Health	2012-06-28	2018-03-31
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate and Monobasic Sodium Phosphate	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet	Oral	Rising Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2012-06-28	Not applicable
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate and Monobasic Sodium Phosphate	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet	Oral	KAISER FOUNDATION HOSPITALS	2014-07-07	2018-01-31
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate and Monobasic Sodium Phosphate	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet	Oral	Carilion Materials Management	2012-06-28	Not applicable
K Phos Neutral	Monopotassium phosphate (155 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (852 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate (130 mg/1)	Tablet, coated	Oral	Beach Products, Inc.	1977-04-11	Not applicable
K Phos Original	Monopotassium phosphate (500 mg/1)	Tablet, soluble	Oral	Beach Products, Inc.	1977-03-29	Not applicable
K Phos Original	Monopotassium phosphate (500 mg/1)	Tablet, soluble	Oral	Carilion Materials Management	1977-03-29	Not applicable
K-Phos No. 2	Monopotassium phosphate (305 mg/1) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic (700 mg/1)	Tablet, coated	Oral	Beach Products, Inc.	1978-05-09	Not applicable

Categories

Drug Categories

• Acids
• Acids, Noncarboxylic
• Anions
• Buffers
• Cariostatic Agents
• Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
• Dental Materials
• Electrolytes
• Ions
• Laboratory Chemicals
• Laxatives
• Osmotic Laxatives
• Phosphate salts
• Phosphoric Acids
• Phosphorus Acids
• Phosphorus Compounds
• Potassium Salt
• Protective Agents
• Replacement Preparations

Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire

Description

This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as alkali metal phosphates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is phosphate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is an alkali metal.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Mixed metal/non-metal compounds

Class

Alkali metal oxoanionic compounds

Sub Class

Alkali metal phosphates

Direct Parent

Alkali metal phosphates

Alternative Parents

Inorganic salts / Inorganic oxides

Substituents

Alkali metal phosphate / Inorganic oxide / Inorganic salt

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

potassium salt, inorganic phosphate (CHEBI:63036)

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

4J9FJ0HL51

CAS number

7778-77-0

InChI Key

GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M

InChI

InChI=1S/K.H3O4P/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1

IUPAC Name

potassium dihydrogen phosphate

SMILES

[K+].OP(O)([O-])=O

References

General References

1. Pubchem [Link]
2. ChemIDplus [Link]
3. DAILYMED [Link]
4. Toxnet [Link]

External Links

PubChem Compound

516951

PubChem Substance

347827846

ChemSpider

22914

BindingDB

50004328

RxNav

34322

ChEBI

63036

ChEMBL

CHEMBL1200925

Wikipedia

Monopotassium_phosphate

AHFS Codes

• 40:12.00 — Replacement Preparations

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Recruiting	Supportive Care	Postoperative Complications / Regeneration Liver	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Hypercalciuria / Kidney Stones	1
2	Unknown Status	Treatment	Hypophosphatemia / Osteopenia Of Prematurity	1
0	Completed	Basic Science	Hypoglycemia	1
Not Available	Unknown Status	Not Available	Malignant Neoplasm of Colon	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Liquid	Buccal
Solution	Intravenous	0.03 g/100ml
Injection, solution	Parenteral	3 %
Injection, solution	Parenteral	5 %
Injection, solution	Intravenous	1.361 g
Liquid	Intravenous
Injection, solution	Intravenous
Tablet	Oral
Injection	Intravenous	1.394 g/20ml
Solution	Intravenous	0.03 %
Solution	Intravenous	0.37 %
Solution	Intravenous
Tablet, coated	Oral
Tablet, soluble	Oral	500 mg/1
Tablet, coated	Oral	186 mg
Tablet	Oral	100 mg
Solution	Intravenous	0.53 g/100ml
Liquid	Topical
Injection, solution	Intravenous	4.85 g/1000ml
Solution	Parenteral	0.5 g
Injection, solution		0.6 g/L
Solution	Parenteral	4.54 g
Liquid	Intravenous
Injection, solution	Intravenous	0.03 %
Injection, solution	Parenteral	2 MEQ/ML
Solution	Parenteral	20 MEQ/10ML
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous	2 MEQ/ML
Tablet	Parenteral	500 MG
Injection	Intravenous
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous
Powder	Oral
Solution		1.05 g/L
Irrigant	Irrigation
Solution	Irrigation
Liquid	Irrigation

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US10632150	No	2019-04-19	2039-04-19

Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-1	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	1.8	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	80.59 Å2	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	13.53 m3·mol-1	ChemAxon
Polarizability	5.53 Å3	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	Not Available

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Drug created on November 30, 2015 19:10 / Updated on March 01, 2021 12:05