NAV

Oral Polio Vaccine

This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.

Identification

Generic Name
Oral Polio Vaccine
DrugBank Accession Number
DB15864
Background

The oral polio vaccine (OPV) is a live attenuated vaccine containing a mixture of one or more strains of poliovirus serotypes. Strains of the virus are selected based on their reduced incidence of spreading to the central nervous system but still having the ability to mimic the immune response that occurs after infection with the wild poliovirus3. The vaccine is created by weakening the wildtype before being placed into the oral vaccine. After administration, OPV strains extensively multiply in the intestinal tract, becoming widely spread in the community to immunize a sizable proportion of those unvaccinated in the population1. With administration, this vaccine prevents cases of paralytic poliomyelitis.

The polio vaccine can be either administered in the inactivated form or the oral form, although both series comprises 4 doses and is also interchangeable in administration form so long all as 4 doses are completed2.

Type
Biotech
Groups
Investigational
Synonyms
  • OPV
External IDs
  • Oral Polio Vaccine
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Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

The polio vaccine allows for the encounter of the polio virus by the immune system to be less threatening while still allowing for the body to mount a humoral response for protection against any future exposure of the virus2. For the OPV specifically, upon administration, the vaccine elicits a local immune response in the intestinal mucous membranes, a location at which the poliovirus multiplies3. Antibodies produced locally then will inhibit multiplication of following infections of the wildtype poliovirus3.

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Categories

Drug Categories
Not Available
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
Not Available
CAS number
Not Available

References

General References
  1. Sabin AB: Oral poliovirus vaccine: history of its development and use and current challenge to eliminate poliomyelitis from the world. J Infect Dis. 1985 Mar;151(3):420-36. doi: 10.1093/infdis/151.3.420. [Article]
  2. O'Grady M, Bruner PJ: Polio Vaccine . [Article]
  3. WHO Oral Polio Vaccine [Link]
Not Available

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4Active Not RecruitingPreventionChildren / Death / Measles Vaccination / Morbidity / Non-specific/Heterologous Effects of Vaccines / Oral Polio Vaccine1
4Active Not RecruitingPreventionCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) / COVID / Death / Morbidity / Non Specific Effects of Vaccine / Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral1
4Active Not RecruitingPreventionImmunization Coverage / Polio Sero Conversion / Polio Sero Prevalence / Poliomyelitis1
4CompletedBasic ScienceImmunity to Oral Polio Vaccine / Immunity to Oral Rotavirus Vaccine / Shedding of Oral Rotavirus Vaccine1
4CompletedPreventionHealthy Volunteers (HV)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Not Available
Experimental Properties
Not Available

Drug created at September 18, 2020 22:04 / Updated at February 13, 2021 10:53