Oral Polio Vaccine

Identification

Name

Oral Polio Vaccine

Accession Number

DB15864

Description

The oral polio vaccine (OPV) is a live attenuated virus containing a mixture of the three strains of poliovirus serotypes. Strains of the virus are selected based on their reduced incidence of spreading to the central nervous system but still having the ability to mimic the immune response that occurs after infection with the wild poliovirus³. The vaccine is created by weakening the wildtype before being placed into the oral vaccine. After administration, OPV strains extensively multiply in the intestinal tract, becoming widely spread in the community to immunize a sizable proportion of those unvaccinated in the population¹. With administration, this vaccine prevents cases of paralytic poliomyelitis.

The polio vaccine can be either administered in the inactivated form or the oral form, although both series comprises 4 doses and is also interchangeable in administration form so long all 4 doses are completed².

Type

Biotech

Groups

Investigational

Synonyms

• OPV

External IDs

• Oral Polio Vaccine

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

The polio vaccine allows for the encounter of the polio virus by the immune system to be less threatening while still allowing for the body to mount a humoral response for protection against any future exposure of the virus². For the OPV specifically, upon administration, the vaccine elicits a local immune response in the intestinal mucous membranes, a location at which the poliovirus multiplies³. Antibodies produced locally then will inhibit multiplication of following infections of the wildtype poliovirus³.

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Not Available

Food Interactions

Not Available

Products

Categories

Drug Categories

Not Available

Classification

Not classified

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

Not Available

CAS number

Not Available

References

General References

1. Sabin AB: Oral poliovirus vaccine: history of its development and use and current challenge to eliminate poliomyelitis from the world. J Infect Dis. 1985 Mar;151(3):420-36. doi: 10.1093/infdis/151.3.420. [PubMed:2982959]
2. O'Grady M, Bruner PJ: Polio Vaccine . [PubMed:30252295]
3. WHO Oral Polio Vaccine [Link]

External Links

Not Available

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Active Not Recruiting	Prevention	Immunization Coverage / Polio Sero Conversion / Polio Sero Prevalence / Poliomyelitis	1
4	Completed	Basic Science	Immunity to Oral Polio Vaccine / Immunity to Oral Rotavirus Vaccine / Shedding of Oral Rotavirus Vaccine	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Healthy Volunteers	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Immunity to Polio Vaccines in Malnourished Infants / Immunity to Polio Vaccines in Non-malnourished Infants	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Pertussis	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Poliomyelitis	2
4	Enrolling by Invitation	Prevention	COVID / COVID - 19 / Death / Morbidity / Non-specific Effects of Vaccines / Novel Coronavirus Infectious Disease (COVID-19) / Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral	1
4	Unknown Status	Prevention	Children / Death / Measles Vaccination / Morbidity / Non-specific/Heterologous Effects of Vaccines / Oral Polio Vaccine	1
3	Completed	Prevention	Acellular Pertussis / Diphtheria / Haemophilus Influenzae Type B / Poliomyelitis / Tetanus / Viral Hepatitis B	1
3	Completed	Prevention	Diphtheria / Flu caused by Influenza / Pertussis / Tetanus / Viral Hepatitis B	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage Forms

Not Available

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Not Available

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Drug created on September 18, 2020 16:04 / Updated on September 19, 2020 20:19