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Inulin

A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to fructose, it is classified as a fructosan. … It has been used in physiologic investigation for determination of the rate of glomerular function.

Pyrophosphoric acid

Pectin

Pectin is a heteropolysaccharide commercially derived from the cell wall of higher plants.[A32327] It is composed of partially methylated polygalacturonic acid units linked in the positions 1-4. … [L1961] The carboxylic group of the constituents of pectin can exist in the form of esters, free acids, ammonium, potassium or sodium salts or as acid amides.

Ergocalciferol

Ergocalciferol is an inactivated vitamin D analog.[A177526] It is synthesized by some plants in the presence of UVB light. … Ergocalciferol was isolated for the first time from yeast in 1931 and its structure was elucidated in 1932.

Bemotrizinol

Compared to older broad-spectrum chemical agents, bemotrizinol is more more fat soluble (oil soluble in cosmetic oils) to aid in efficacy and broad-spectrum activity [A19212]. … Bemotrizinol, or bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, is an organic UV filter found in over-the-counter sunscreen products. It primarily absorbs UV-A rays.

Methylcellulose

Methyl cellulose is a hydrophilic white powder in pure form and dissolves in cold (but not in hot) water, forming a clear viscous solution or gel. … It is available under a variety of trade names as a treatment for constipation. Like cellulose, it is not digestible, not toxic, and not allergenic

Tadalafil

[L39100, L39105] It was first approved in 2003 by the FDA for use in ED and later in 2009 for PAH. … In contrast to other PDE5 inhibitors like [sildenafil], tadalafil has greater selectivity for PDE5 and a longer half-life which has made it a more suitable option for chronic once-daily dosing in the treatment

Dutasteride

trials in androgenetic alopecia. … Dutasteride was approved by the FDA in 2001 for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men as monotherapy or in combination with the α-adrenergic antagonist [tamsulosin] to

Ramucirumab

Ramucirumab is indicated for us in advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma as a single agent or in combination with paclitaxel after prior fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-containing … VEGFR stimulation also mediates downstream signalling required for angiogenesis and is postulated to be heavily involved in cancer progression, making it a highly likely drug target.

Cytisine

Also known as baptitoxine or sophorine, cytisine has been used as a smoking cessation treatment since 1964, and is relatively unknown in regions outside of central and Eastern Europe. … Cytisine is an alkaloid naturally derived from the Fabaceae family of plants including the genera Laburnum and Cytisus.