Inulin
Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Generic Name
- Inulin
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00638
- Background
A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to fructose, it is classified as a fructosan. It has been used in physiologic investigation for determination of the rate of glomerular function.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical
- Synonyms
- Inulin
Pharmacology
- Indication
Historically used in an important medical test of renal function, specifically a measure of glomerular filtration rate. Sometimes used to help relieve symptoms of diabetes mellitus - a condition characterised by hyperglycemia and/or hyperinsulinemia.
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- Pharmacodynamics
The inulin test is a procedure by which the filtering capacity of the glomeruli (the main filtering structures of the kidney) is determined by measuring the rate at which inulin, the test substance, is cleared from blood plasma. Inulin is one of the more suitable and accurate substance to measure because it is a small, inert polysaccharide molecule that readily passes through the glomeruli. The inulin clearance test is performed by injecting inulin, waiting for it to be distributed, and then measuring plasma and urine inulin concentrations by various assays. As nutraceutical agents inulins may have antitumor, antimicrobial, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic actions. They may also help to improve mineral absorption and balance and may have antiosteoporotic activity.
- Mechanism of action
As a diagnostic agent, inulin is readily soluble and essentially indigestible. It readily passes through the blood and into the urine. It is neither secreted nor resorbed by the kidney making it an excellent indicator for renal clearance rates. The inulin clearance test has largely been succeeded by the creatinine clearance test as a measure of glomerular filtration rate.
Inulin is a hypoglycemic agent. Since it is not digestible by human enzymes ptyalin and amylase, inulin passes through much of the digestive system intact. It is only in the colon that bacteria metabolise inulin, with the release of significant quantities of carbon dioxide and/or methane. Because inulin is not broken down into simple sugars (monosaccharides) by normal digestion, it does not elevate blood sugar levels, hence, helping diabetics regulate blood sugar levels.
Target Actions Organism AInsulin modulatorHumans NCycloinulo-oligosaccharide fructanotransferase binderPaenibacillus macerans - Absorption
Poorly absorbed, passes through to urine unmetabolized
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
None
- Metabolism
Metabolized into carbon dioxide and methane by colonic bacteria
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
2-4 hours
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
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- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Livita Adults Inulin (500 mg/1mL) + Ascorbic acid (200 mg/1mL) + Biotin (30 ug/1mL) + Calcium citrate tetrahydrate (200 mg/1mL) + Cholecalciferol (10 ug/1mL) + Choline bitartrate (200 mg/1mL) + D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (20.1 mg/1mL) + Levomefolate calcium (1000 ug/1mL) + Magnesium citrate (100 mg/1mL) + Mecobalamin (2.4 ug/1mL) + Nicotinamide (8 mg/1mL) + Calcium pantothenate (5 mg/1mL) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (1.7 mg/1mL) + Riboflavin (1.3 mg/1mL) + Thiamine mononitrate (1.2 mg/1mL) + Vitamin A acetate (900 ug/1mL) + Zinc picolinate (2 mg/1mL) Liquid Oral PureTek Corporation 2023-12-15 Not applicable US Livita Children Inulin (166.67 mg/1mL) + Ascorbic acid (66.67 mg/1mL) + Biotin (10 ug/1mL) + Calcium citrate tetrahydrate (66.67 mg/1mL) + Cholecalciferol (3.33 ug/1mL) + Choline bitartrate (66.67 mg/1mL) + D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (10 mg/1mL) + Levomefolate calcium (333 ug/1mL) + Magnesium citrate (33.33 mg/1mL) + Mecobalamin (0.8 ug/1mL) + Nicotinamide (2.67 mg/1mL) + Calcium pantothenate (1.67 mg/1mL) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (0.57 mg/1mL) + Riboflavin (0.43 mg/1mL) + Thiamine mononitrate (0.4 mg/1mL) + Vitamin A acetate (300 ug/1mL) + Zinc picolinate (0.67 mg/1mL) Liquid Oral PureTek Corporation 2023-12-18 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- V04CH01 — Inulin and other polyfructosans
- Drug Categories
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- JOS53KRJ01
- CAS number
- 9005-80-5
References
- Synthesis Reference
Ernst Hoehn, Curtis J. McKay, E. Donald Murray, "Production of high fructose syrup from inulin involving ultrafiltration." U.S. Patent US4421852, issued July, 1981.
US4421852- General References
- Abrams SA, Griffin IJ, Hawthorne KM, Liang L, Gunn SK, Darlington G, Ellis KJ: A combination of prebiotic short- and long-chain inulin-type fructans enhances calcium absorption and bone mineralization in young adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug;82(2):471-6. [Article]
- Coudray C, Demigne C, Rayssiguier Y: Effects of dietary fibers on magnesium absorption in animals and humans. J Nutr. 2003 Jan;133(1):1-4. [Article]
- Coussement PA: Inulin and oligofructose: safe intakes and legal status. J Nutr. 1999 Jul;129(7 Suppl):1412S-7S. [Article]
- Roberfroid MB: Introducing inulin-type fructans. Br J Nutr. 2005 Apr;93 Suppl 1:S13-25. [Article]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D00171
- KEGG Compound
- C03323
- PubChem Compound
- 24763
- PubChem Substance
- 46508287
- ChemSpider
- 23149
- 5924
- ChEBI
- 15443
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1201646
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP001304
- PharmGKB
- PA450043
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Inulin
- MSDS
- Download (71.2 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Completed Treatment Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) / Renal Circulation / Renal Plasma Flow 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Unknown Status Basic Science Microbial Colonization 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Withdrawn Not Available Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Completed Treatment Cerebral Palsy (CP) / Chronic Constipation 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Completed Treatment Cystic Fibrosis (CF) / Dysbiosis 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Iso tex diagnostics inc
- Packagers
- Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
- Iso Tex Diagnostics Inc.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Liquid Oral Bar, chewable Oral Capsule Oral - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 178 °C Not Available water solubility 280 mg/mL (at 80 °C), insoluble at room temperature Not Available
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Modulator
- General Function
- Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver
- Specific Function
- hormone activity
- Gene Name
- INS
- Uniprot ID
- P01308
- Uniprot Name
- Insulin
- Molecular Weight
- 11980.795 Da
References
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Paenibacillus macerans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
- Gene Name
- cft
- Uniprot ID
- Q9F0I5
- Uniprot Name
- Cycloinulo-oligosaccharide fructanotransferase
- Molecular Weight
- 149562.53 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Kawamura M, Uchiyama T, Kuramoto T, Tamura Y, Mizutani K: Formation of a cycloinulo-oligosaccharide from inulin by an extracellular enzyme of Bacillus circulans OKUMZ 31B. Carbohydr Res. 1989 Oct 23;192:83-90. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at October 21, 2024 12:37