Solute carrier family 22 member 12
Details
- Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 12
- Kind
- protein
- Synonyms
- OATL4
- Organic anion transporter 4-like protein
- Renal-specific transporter
- RST
- URAT1
- Urate anion exchanger 1
- Urate:anion antiporter SLC22A12
- Gene Name
- SLC22A12
- UniProtKB Entry
- Q96S37Swiss-Prot
- Organism
- Humans
- NCBI Taxonomy ID
- 9606
- Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0008631|Solute carrier family 22 member 12 MAFSELLDLVGGLGRFQVLQTMALMVSIMWLCTQSMLENFSAAVPSHRCWAPLLDNSTAQ ASILGSLSPEALLAISIPPGPNQRPHQCRRFRQPQWQLLDPNATATSWSEADTEPCVDGW VYDRSIFTSTIVAKWNLVCDSHALKPMAQSIYLAGILVGAAACGPASDRFGRRLVLTWSY LQMAVMGTAAAFAPAFPVYCLFRFLLAFAVAGVMMNTGTLLMEWTAARARPLVMTLNSLG FSFGHGLTAAVAYGVRDWTLLQLVVSVPFFLCFLYSWWLAESARWLLTTGRLDWGLQELW RVAAINGKGAVQDTLTPEVLLSAMREELSMGQPPASLGTLLRMPGLRFRTCISTLCWFAF GFTFFGLALDLQALGSNIFLLQMFIGVVDIPAKMGALLLLSHLGRRPTLAASLLLAGLCI LANTLVPHEMGALRSALAVLGLGGVGAAFTCITIYSSELFPTVLRMTAVGLGQMAARGGA ILGPLVRLLGVHGPWLPLLVYGTVPVLSGLAALLLPETQSLPLPDTIQDVQNQAVKKATH GTLGNSVLKSTQF
- Number of residues
- 553
- Molecular Weight
- 59629.57
- Theoretical pI
- Not Available
- GO Classification
- Processescellular response to insulin stimulus / monoatomic ion transport / organic anion transport / renal urate salt excretion / response to xenobiotic stimulusComponentsmembrane
- General Function
- Electroneutral antiporter that translocates urate across the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells in exchange for monovalent organic or inorganic anions (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875, PubMed:35144162, PubMed:35462902). Involved in renal reabsorption of urate and helps maintaining blood levels of uric acid (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875). Mediates urate uptake by an exchange with organic anions such as (S)-lactate and nicotinate, and inorganic anion Cl(-) (PubMed:12024214). Other inorganic anions such as Br(-), I(-) and NO3(-) may also act as counteranions that exchange for urate (PubMed:12024214). Also mediates orotate tubular uptake coupled with nicotinate efflux and to a lesser extent with lactate efflux, therefore displaying a potential role in orotate renal reabsorption (PubMed:21350910). Orotate transport is Cl(-)-dependent (PubMed:21350910)
- Specific Function
- PDZ domain binding
- Pfam Domain Function
- MFS_1 (PF07690)
- Signal Regions
- Not Available
- Transmembrane Regions
- 9-29 146-166 174-194 195-215 232-252 260-280 351-371 378-398 407-427 435-455 466-486 495-515
- Cellular Location
- Apical cell membrane
- Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0013316|Solute carrier family 22 member 12 (SLC22A12) ATGGCATTTTCTGAACTCCTGGACCTCGTGGGTGGCCTGGGCAGGTTCCAGGTTCTCCAG ACGATGGCTCTGATGGTCTCCATCATGTGGCTGTGTACCCAGAGCATGCTGGAGAACTTC TCGGCCGCCGTGCCCAGCCACCGCTGCTGGGCACCCCTCCTGGACAACAGCACGGCTCAG GCCAGCATCCTAGGGAGCTTGAGTCCTGAGGCCCTCCTGGCTATTTCCATCCCGCCGGGC CCCAACCAGAGGCCCCACCAGTGCCGCCGCTTCCGCCAGCCACAGTGGCAGCTCTTGGAC CCCAATGCCACGGCCACCAGCTGGAGCGAGGCCGACACGGAGCCGTGTGTGGATGGCTGG GTCTATGACCGCAGCATCTTCACCTCCACAATCGTGGCCAAGTGGAACCTCGTGTGTGAC TCTCATGCTCTGAAGCCCATGGCCCAGTCCATCTACCTGGCTGGGATTCTGGTGGGAGCT GCTGCGTGCGGCCCTGCCTCAGACAGGTTTGGGCGCAGGCTGGTGCTAACCTGGAGCTAC CTTCAGATGGCTGTGATGGTGATGGAGTGGACGGCGGCACGGGCCCGACCCTTGGTGATG ACCTTGAACTCTCTGGGCTTCAGCTTCGGCCATGGCCTGACAGCTGCAGTGGCCTACGGT GTGCGGGACTGGACACTGCTGCAGCTGGTGGTCTCGGTCCCCTTCTTCCTCTGCTTTTTG TACTCCTGGTGGCTGGCAGAGTCGGCACGATGGCTCCTCACCACAGGCAGGCTGGATTGG GGCCTGCAGGAGCTGTGGAGGGTGGCTGCCATCAACGGAAAGGGGGCAGTGCAGGACACC CTGACCCCTGAGGTCTTGCTTTCAGCCATGCGGGAGGAGCTGAGCATGGGCCAGCCTCCT GCCAGCCTGGGCACCCTGCTCCGCATGCCCGGACTGCGCTTCCGGACCTGTATCTCCACG TTGTGCTGGTTCGCCTTTGGCTTCACCTTCTTCGGCCTGGCCCTGGACCTGCAGGCCCTG GGCAGCAACATCTTCCTGCTCCAAATGTTCATTGGTGTCGTGGACATCCCAGCCAAGATG GGCGCCCTGCTGCTGCTGAGCCACCTGGGCCGCCGCCCCACGCTGGCCGCATCCCTGTTG CTGGCAGGGCTCTGCATTCTGGCCAACACGCTGGTGCCCCACGAAATGGGGGCTCTGCGC TCAGCCTTGGCCGTGCTGGGGCTGGGCGGGGTGGGGGCTGCCTTCACCTGCATCACCATC TACAGCAGCGAGCTCTTCCCCACTGTGCTCAGGATGACGGCAGTGGGCTTGGGCCAGATG GCAGCCCGTGGAGGAGCCATCCTGGGGCCTCTGGTCCGGCTGCTGGGTGTCCATGGCCCC TGGCTGCCCTTGCTGGTGTATGGGACGGTGCCAGTGCTGAGTGGCCTGGCCGCACTGCTT CTGCCCGAGACCCAGAGCTTGCCGCTGCCCGACACCATCCAAGATGTGCAGAACCAGGCA GTAAAGAAGGCAACACATGGCACGCTGGGGAACTCTGTCCTAAAATCCACACAGTTTTAG
- Chromosome Location
- 11
- Locus
- 11q13.1
- External Identifiers
Resource Link UniProtKB ID Q96S37 UniProtKB Entry Name S22AC_HUMAN GeneCard ID SLC22A12 HGNC ID HGNC:17989 KEGG ID hsa:116085 IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID 1031 NCBI Gene ID 116085 - General References
- Enomoto A, Kimura H, Chairoungdua A, Shigeta Y, Jutabha P, Cha SH, Hosoyamada M, Takeda M, Sekine T, Igarashi T, Matsuo H, Kikuchi Y, Oda T, Ichida K, Hosoya T, Shimokata K, Niwa T, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular identification of a renal urate anion exchanger that regulates blood urate levels. Nature. 2002 May 23;417(6887):447-52. Epub 2002 Apr 14. [Article]
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- Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [Article]
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- Vazquez-Mellado J, Jimenez-Vaca AL, Cuevas-Covarrubias S, Alvarado-Romano V, Pozo-Molina G, Burgos-Vargas R: Molecular analysis of the SLC22A12 (URAT1) gene in patients with primary gout. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Feb;46(2):215-9. Epub 2006 Jul 11. [Article]
- Gisler SM, Pribanic S, Bacic D, Forrer P, Gantenbein A, Sabourin LA, Tsuji A, Zhao ZS, Manser E, Biber J, Murer H: PDZK1: I. a major scaffolder in brush borders of proximal tubular cells. Kidney Int. 2003 Nov;64(5):1733-45. [Article]
- Anzai N, Miyazaki H, Noshiro R, Khamdang S, Chairoungdua A, Shin HJ, Enomoto A, Sakamoto S, Hirata T, Tomita K, Kanai Y, Endou H: The multivalent PDZ domain-containing protein PDZK1 regulates transport activity of renal urate-anion exchanger URAT1 via its C terminus. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 29;279(44):45942-50. Epub 2004 Aug 10. [Article]
- Ichida K, Hosoyamada M, Hisatome I, Enomoto A, Hikita M, Endou H, Hosoya T: Clinical and molecular analysis of patients with renal hypouricemia in Japan-influence of URAT1 gene on urinary urate excretion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Jan;15(1):164-73. [Article]
- Iwai N, Mino Y, Hosoyamada M, Tago N, Kokubo Y, Endou H: A high prevalence of renal hypouricemia caused by inactive SLC22A12 in Japanese. Kidney Int. 2004 Sep;66(3):935-44. [Article]
- Wakida N, Tuyen DG, Adachi M, Miyoshi T, Nonoguchi H, Oka T, Ueda O, Tazawa M, Kurihara S, Yoneta Y, Shimada H, Oda T, Kikuchi Y, Matsuo H, Hosoyamada M, Endou H, Otagiri M, Tomita K, Kitamura K: Mutations in human urate transporter 1 gene in presecretory reabsorption defect type of familial renal hypouricemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Apr;90(4):2169-74. Epub 2005 Jan 5. [Article]
- Cheong HI, Kang JH, Lee JH, Ha IS, Kim S, Komoda F, Sekine T, Igarashi T, Choi Y: Mutational analysis of idiopathic renal hypouricemia in Korea. Pediatr Nephrol. 2005 Jul;20(7):886-90. Epub 2005 May 24. [Article]
- Graessler J, Graessler A, Unger S, Kopprasch S, Tausche AK, Kuhlisch E, Schroeder HE: Association of the human urate transporter 1 with reduced renal uric acid excretion and hyperuricemia in a German Caucasian population. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Jan;54(1):292-300. [Article]
Associated Data
- Drug Relations
Drug Drug group Pharmacological action? Type Actions Details Probenecid approved, investigational unknown transporter inhibitor Details Losartan approved unknown transporter inhibitor Details Lesinurad approved, investigational yes target inhibitor Details Sulfinpyrazone approved yes target inhibitor Details Favipiravir approved, investigational unknown transporter inhibitor Details Suprofen approved, withdrawn unknown transporter inhibitor Details Morin experimental yes target inhibitor Details Verinurad investigational yes target modulator Details Ruzinurad investigational yes target inhibitor Details PF-05089771 investigational yes target inhibitor Details Benzbromarone investigational, withdrawn yes target inhibitor Details Dotinurad investigational yes target inhibitor Details